Mhando dze polyethylene PE yekugadzira tekinoroji

Mukugadzirwa kwe jekiseni kuumbwa zvikamu, hazvidzivisiki kushandisa epurasitiki mbishi zvinhu. Nhasi tichatsanangura maitiro ekugadzira pe, chikuru chenyika 11 mhando dze polyethylene PE yekugadzira tekinoroji

Nekuti iyo IC tray ine huremu huremu, kune makambani akawanda ane polyethylene tekinoroji munyika, kusanganisira 7 makambani ane LDPE tekinoroji, 10 makambani ane LDPE uye yakazara-density tekinoroji, uye 12 makambani ane HDPE tekinoroji. Kubva pakuona kwekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji, kugadzirwa kwepamusoro-kudzvanywa kweLDPE ndiyo nzira yakakura kwazvo mukugadzirwa kwePE resin. Zvose kettle nzira uye tubular nzira dzakura. Nekuti iyo IC tray ine huremu huremu, aya maviri matekinoroji ekugadzira anogarisana. Nyika dzakasimukira kazhinji dzinotora nzira yekugadzira tubular. Pamusoro pe, makambani ekunze anowanzo shandisa yakaderera-yepamusoro-yekuita-catalysts kutanga polymerization masisitimu, izvo zvinogona kuderedza kuita tembiricha uye kumanikidza. Iyo yakanyanya-kudzvanywa kugadzirwa kweLDPE inosimudzira munzira yehukuru-hukuru uye tubular kugadzirwa. Iyo yakaderera-kudzvanywa kugadzirwa kweHDPE neLLDPE inonyanya kushandisa titanium uye yakaoma catalysts. Europe neJapan zvakanyanya kushandisa Ziegler-mhando titanium catalysts, nepo United States ichinyanya kushandisa macatalysts akaomarara. Nekuti iyo IC tray ine huremu huremu, pane 11 mhando dze polyethylene kugadzira matekinoroji ayo anonyanya kushandiswa munyika. Sumo pfupi ndeiyi inotevera:
(1) Basel kambani gasi chikamu Spherilene maitiro

Kugadzirwa kwemutsara PE kunogona kubva kune yakaderera density PE (ULDPE) kune LLDPE, pamwe neHDPE. Nhonga

Ziegler-Natta mhando titanium-based catalyst uye Spherilene gasi phase process inoshandiswa.. Pamberi pechiedza inert hydrocarbons, iyo catalyst uye chikafu chinogadzirwa-pre-polymerized muhuwandu kutanga, uye kuwanda kwepolymerization kunoitika pasi pemamiriro akapfava. Iyo slurry inopinda yekutanga gasi chikamu reactor, inoshandisa inotenderera gasi loop inotonhorera kubvisa kupisa, wobva wapinda maviri gasi phase reactor. Kuwanda kwezvakagadzirwa zvigadzirwa kubva kuULDPE (isingasviki 900kg/m3) kuHDPE (mukuru pane 960 kg/m3), uye kunyunguduka kuyerera (MFR) ranges kubva 0.01 ku 100. Nekuda kwekushandisa maviri gasi chikamu reactor, inogona kugadzira bimodal uye yakakosha polima. Zvinhu. Sezvo iyo Spheri Lene process yakaunzwa kumusika mukati 1992, iko zvino ine simba rekugadzira re 1.8 matani mamiriyoni pagore. Zvikamu zvitanhatu zvekugadzira (1 muUnited States, 2 muSouth Korea, 2 muBrazil, uye 1 muIndia) dzakaiswa mukushanda, uye mamwe maviri (1 imwe neimwe muIndia neIran) dziri kuvakwa. Iyo imwe-mutsara yekugadzira kugona inogona kusvika 100,000 matani payuniti. Poshi 300,000 matani pagore. Parizvino, China haina zvivakwa zvekugadzira zvemhando iyi yetekinoroji.
(2) Borealis Bastar Process

Beixing PE maitiro anogona kugadzira bimodal uye unimodal LLDPE, MDPE (medium density PE) uye HDPE. use

Series loop, gasi chikamu chakaderera kudzvanywa reactor. Kuwanda kwePE ndeye 918-970kg/m3, uye iyo melt index ndeye 0.1-100. Adopt Z-N catalyst kana Ssc (single active site) catalyst.

Iyo catalyst uye propane diluent inosanganiswa mune compact pre-polymerization reactor, uye co-catalyst,

Ethylene, comonomer uye hydrogen. Iyo pre-polymerized slurry inopinda yechipiri yakakura slurry loop reactor uye inoshanda pasi pemamiriro epamusoro. (75-100C, 5. 5-6.5 MPa). Inogona kugadzira bimodal zvigadzirwa. Iyo yakapenya polymer inotumirwazve kune fluidized mubhedha gasi chikamu reactor pasina kuwedzera macatalysts, uye homopolymers inogona kuwanikwa. Mamiriro ekuita gasi gasi ari: 75-100C, 2. 0MPa. Seti yekutanga yezvigadzirwa zveindasitiri yakaiswa mukushanda muFinland mu 1995, uye mitsetse miviri yekugadzira (450,000 matani/gore bimodal zvigadzirwa) yakavakwa mu Abu Dhabi yakaiswa mukushanda muhafu yechipiri ye 2001. Yechishanu seti ye 250,000 matani/gore (yechipiri seti ye bimodal) yakavakwa zvakare muChina Shanghai Petrochemical Company, kuva China chikuru PE mudziyo. Iyo yakanyanya dhizaini kugona kweiyi mutsara mumwechete weiyi nzira inogona kusvika 300,000 matani/gore.
(3) BP's gasi chikamu Innovene maitiro

Inogona kugadzira LLDPE uye HDPE zvigadzirwa, kushandisa Z-N titanium-yakavakirwa, chromium-based kana metallocene catalysts. Chrome

Iyo kemikari mumiririri inogona kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvine yakafara molecular uremu kugovera, uye Ziegler-Natta (Z-N) catalyst inogona kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvine yakamanikana mamorekuru uremu kugovera. Mamiriro ekushanda ebhedha reactor akasununguka, pa75-100C uye 2.0MPa. Butene kana hexene inogona kushandiswa secomonomer. 30 seti yemitsara yekugadzira yakaiswa mukushanda, kugadzira kana kuvaka. Kugona kunobva 50,000 ku 350,000 matani pagore.

Technip inoshanda pamwe neBP muEurope, yaimbova Soviet Union, South America, China neMalaysia
Tsigira BP's Innovene maitiro ekugadzira polyethylene. BP's Innovene PE huwandu hwapfuura 8 matani mamiriyoni pagore, kusanganisira PE zvishandiso muBandar Iman muIran, Grangermus muScotland, Peacock muIndonesia, naKeltih kuMalaysia. Kuwedzerwa kwechipiri kweLLDPE/HDPE chirimwa cheChina cheDushanzi Petrochemical Company yakagamuchirawo maitiro eInnovene., kuwedzera kubva 120,000 matani/gore kusvika 200,000 matani/gore. SECCO itsva 600,000 matani e polyethylene achashandisa tekinoroji iyi.
(4) ExxonMobil's tubular uye kettle maitiro maitiro

High-pressure free radical process inoshandiswa kugadzira LDPE homopolymer uye EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) copolymer.

Zvikuru-zvikuru tubular reactors (kugona kwe 130 ku 350,000 matani/gore) uye yakabvongodzwa matangi reactor (kugona pamusoro 100,000 matani/gore) dzinoshandiswa. Kumanikidza kwekushandisa kweiyo tubular reactor kwakakwira se300MPa, uye tank reactor yakaderera pane 200MPa. Kubatsira kwepamusoro-kudzvinyirira nzira ndeyekupfupisa nguva yekugara, uye iyo reactor imwechete inogona kuchinjwa kubva pakugadzira homopolymers kuenda ku copolymers. Kuwanda kwehomopolymer polymer ndiko 912-935 kg/m3, uye iyo melt index ndeye 0.2-150. Iyo vinyl acetate yemukati inogona kunge yakakwira se 30%. Iko kushandiswa kwezvinhu uye kushandiswa kwesimba patani yekugadzirwa kwepolymer ndizvo: 1.008 matani ethylene, 800kwh yemagetsi, 0.35t yemhepo, uye 5m3 yenitrogen. 23 seti ye-high-pressure process reactors yakaiswa mukushanda, ine simba rekugadzira re 1.7 matani mamiriyoni pagore. Kugadzirwa kwemahomopolymers uye akasiyana copolymers. Nekuti iyo IC tray ine huremu huremu, Yanshan ichangobva kuvakwa 200,000-ton/gore LDPE chirimwa chinotora iyo kambani chubhu nzira tekinoroji..
(5) Mitsui Chemicals yakaderera-kumanikidza slurry Cx maitiro

Inogona kubereka HDPE uye MDPE, uchishandisa yakaderera-kumanikidza slurry nzira CX process. Inogona kugadzira bimodal molecular weight distribution

The product. Ethylene, hydrogen, comonomer uye Ultra-yakakwirira chiitiko chinobatsira kupinda reactor, uye polymerization reaction inoitika mune slurry state. Iyo polymer pfuma otomatiki control system inogona kunyatso kudzora chigadzirwa mhando, uye iyo yekupedzisira-yakakwirira-yakakwirira basa catalyst haidi kubviswa kubva pachigadzirwa. 90% ye solvent yakaparadzaniswa kubva kune slurry inogona kushandiswa zvakananga kune reactor pasina chero kurapwa. Inogona kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvine nhete kana yakafara molecular uremu kugovera ine density ye 930-970 kg/m3 uye indekisi yakanyunguduka ye 0.01-50. Iko kushandiswa kwezvinhu uye kushandiswa kwesimba patani yechigadzirwa chinogadzirwa: 1010 kg ye ethylene uye comonomers, 305 kWh yemagetsi, 340 kg yemvura, 190 matani emvura inotonhorera, uye 30 m3 ye nitrogen. 35 mitsetse yekugadzira yakaiswa mukushanda kana kuti iri kuvakwa, nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwe 3.6 matani mamiriyoni pagore. Nekuti iyo IC tray ine huremu huremu, mabhizinesi epamba anoshandisa tekinoroji iyi anonyanya kusanganisira 220,000-ton plant muDaqing, iyo 140,000-ton plant muYangtze neYanshan, uye 70,000-tonne chirimwa muLanzhou.
(6) Chevron-Philips kaviri loop reactor LPE maitiro

Phillips Petroleum Company LPE maitiro anoshandiswa kugadzira mutsara polyethylene (LPE). Yakanyanya inoshanda catalyst

Iyo kemikari mumiririri ine polymerized mu loop reactor uye isobutane slurry. Chigadzirwa chakanyunguduka index uye molecular uremu kugovera kunogona kugadziriswa uye kudzorwa necatalyst, kushanda mamiriro uye hydrogen. Iyo comonomer inogona kuve butene-1, hexene-1, octene-1 nezvimwe zvakadaro. Iyo yakakwira chiitiko catalyst inoita kuti zvive zvisina kufanira kubvisa iyo catalyst, uye hapana parafini kana zvimwe ne-zvigadzirwa zvinoumbwa panguva yepolymerization, izvo zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Ethylene, isobutane, comonomer uye catalyst inoramba ichipinda mu loop reactor uye ichiita pane tembiricha yakaderera pane 100C uye nezve. 4.0 MPa, uye nguva yekugara yava kuda 1 awa. Iyo single-pass kutendeuka mwero we ethylene inodarika 97%. Iko kushandiswa kwezvinhu uye kushandiswa kwesimba patani yechigadzirwa chinogadzirwa: 1.007 matani ethylene, US$2-10 yezvinokonzeresa uye makemikari (kune zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana), 350 kWh yemagetsi, 0.25 toni yemhepo, 185 toni yemvura inotonhorera, uye 30 m3 ye nitrogen. 82 mitsetse yekugadzira yakaiswa mukushanda nekuvaka, accounting for 34% yehuwandu hwePE yenyika. Chimiro che135,000-ton cheShanghai Jinfei Company chinoshandisa tekinoroji iyi. Maoming ichangobva kuvakwa 350,000-ton/gore mudziyo mutsva unogona zvakare kutora iyi tekinoroji.
(7) Univation tekinoroji kambani yakaderera kumanikidza gasi chikamu Unipol maitiro

LLDPE-HDPE inogadzirwa ne-low-pressure, air-pressure Unipol PE maitiro. Kushandisa slurry catalyst uye gasi

Phase, fluidized bed reactor. Nezvakajairwa uye metallocene catalysts, hapana danho rekubvisa catalyst rinodiwa. Mari yekudyara uye yekushandisa yakaderera, uye kune kusvibiswa kushoma kune zvakatipoteredza. Ethylene, comonomer uye catalyst kupinda fluidized bed reactor, mamiriro ekushanda anenge 100C uye 2.5MPa. Chigadzirwa density ndeye 915-970kg/m3, uye iyo melt index ndeye 0.1-200. Maererano nemhando ye catalyst, nhete kana yakafara molecular uremu kugoverwa kunogona kugadziriswa. 89 mitsetse yekugadzira yakaiswa mukushanda kana kuvaka. Iyo imwe mutsara inokwana inogona kuva 410,000 ku 450,000 matani pagore. Nekuti iyo IC tray ine huremu huremu, kune midziyo yakawanda yemumba inoshandisa tekinoroji iyi, kunyanya Maoming, Jihua, Yangtze, Tianjin, Zhongyuan, Guangzhou, Daqing, Qilu, nezvimwewo.

(8) Stamicarbon 4a COMPACT IZ Iyi nzira inoshandisa advanced Z-N catalysts uye inoshandisa COMPACT Solution tekinoroji kugadzira density ye

900-970kg/m3 yePE. A stirred tank reactor inoshandiswa, uye tembiricha yepolymerization i200C. Hydrogen inoshandiswa kudzora huremu hwemamorekuru epolymer. Hapana danho rekubvisa catalyst rinodiwa. Iko kushandiswa kwezvinhu uye kushandiswa kwesimba patani yechigadzirwa: ethylene uye comonomer 1.016t, magetsi 500kwh, upfu 400kg, mvura inotonhorera 230m3, low pressure steam (output) 330kg. Pane 5 seti yemidziyo iri kushanda, nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwe 650,000 matani/ gore.
(9) Basel Polyolefin Kambani Hostalen Maitiro

Iyo hostalen maitiro ekusimudzwa tangi inoshandiswa kugadzira HDPE. Shandisa mareactor maviri akatevedzana kana akatevedzana

Slurry polymerization. Iko kushandiswa kwezvinhu uye kushandiswa kwesimba patani yechigadzirwa chinogadzirwa: 1.015 t ye ethylene uye comonomers, 400 kg yemvura, 350 kwh yemagetsi, uye 165 m3 yemvura inotonhorera. Pane 31 mitsara yekugadzira mukushanda kana pasi pekugadzira, ine simba rekugadzira rinenge 3.4 matani mamiriyoni pagore. Nekuti iyo IC tray ine huremu huremu, mudziyo wepamba unotora tekinoroji iyi iLiaohua Company, ine simba rekugadzira chete 40,000 matani. Ikozvino imwe-mutsara wepamusoro wekugadzira kugona kweiyi tekinoroji inogona kusvika 350,000 matani/gore, uye inogona kugadzira zvinenge zvese zvigadzirwa zvinosanganisira Bifeng, pakati pazvo zvigadzirwa zvayo semufirimu, hollow uye pombi zvine mukurumbira munyika.