Druhy technologie výroby polyetylénu PE

Při výrobě vstřikování díly, je nevyhnutelné používat plastové suroviny. Dnes si vysvětlíme proces výroby pe, hlavní na světě 11 typy technologie výroby polyetylenu PE

V současnosti, existuje mnoho společností s technologie polyetylenu ve světě, počítaje v to 7 společnosti s technologií LDPE, 10 společnosti s LDPE a full-density technologií, a 12 společnosti s technologií HDPE. Z pohledu technologického rozvoje, vysokotlaká výroba LDPE je nejvyspělejší metodou při výrobě PE pryskyřice. Jak kotlíková metoda, tak trubková metoda dozrály. V současnosti, tyto dvě výrobní technologie koexistují. Vyspělé země obecně přijímají trubicový výrobní proces. Navíc, zahraniční společnosti obecně používají nízkoteplotní vysoce aktivní katalyzátory k iniciaci polymeračních systémů, který může snížit reakční teplotu a tlak. Vysokotlaká výroba LDPE se bude vyvíjet směrem k velkosériové a trubkové výrobě. Nízkotlaká výroba HDPE a LLDPE využívá především titan a komplexní katalyzátory. Evropa a Japonsko většinou používají titanové katalyzátory typu Ziegler, zatímco Spojené státy většinou používají složité katalyzátory. V současnosti, existují 11 typy technologií výroby polyetylenu, které se používají především ve světě. Stručný úvod je následující:
(1) Basilejská společnost v plynné fázi Spherilene proces

Výroba lineárního PE se může pohybovat od PE s velmi nízkou hustotou (ULDPE) na LLDPE, stejně jako HDPE. Výběr

Používá se katalyzátor typu Ziegler-Natta na bázi titanu a proces spherilene v plynné fázi. V přítomnosti lehkých inertních uhlovodíků, katalyzátor a nástřik se nejprve hromadně předpolymerují, a bloková polymerace probíhá za mírných podmínek. Suspenze vstupuje do prvního reaktoru s plynnou fází, využívá chladič smyčky cirkulujícího plynu k odvodu tepla, a poté vstupuje do dvou reaktorů s plynnou fází. Hustota vyráběných produktů se pohybuje od ULDPE (less than 900kg/m3) to HDPE (greater than 960 kg/m3), and the melt flow rate (MFR) ranges from 0.01 na 100. Because of the use of two gas phase reactors, it can produce bimodal and special polymers. Things. Since the Spheri Lene process was introduced to the market in 1992, it now has a production capacity of 1.8 million tons per year. Six production units (1 in the United States, 2 in South Korea, 2 in Brazil, a 1 in India) have been put into operation, and another two (1 each in India and Iran) are under construction. The single-line production capacity can reach 100,000 tons per unit. Jeden 300,000 tons per year. V současné době, China does not have production facilities for this type of technology.
（2）Borealis Bastar Process

Beixing PE process can produce bimodal and unimodal LLDPE, MDPE (medium density PE) and HDPE. use

Series loop, gas phase low pressure reactor. The density of PE is 918-970kg/m3, and the melt index is 0.1-100. Adopt Z-N catalyst or Ssc (single active site) catalyst.

The catalyst and propane diluent are mixed into the compact pre-polymerization reactor, and the co-catalyst,

Ethylene, comonomer and hydrogen. The pre-polymerized slurry enters the second larger slurry loop reactor and operates under supercritical conditions (75-100C, 5. 5-6.5 MPa). Can produce bimodal products. The flashed polymer is further sent to the fluidized bed gas phase reactor without adding new catalysts, and homopolymers can be obtained. The gas phase reaction conditions are: 75-100C, 2. 0MPa. The first set of industrial equipment was put into operation in Finland in 1995, and two production lines (450,000 tons/year bimodal products) built in Abu Dhabi were put into operation in the second half of 2001. The fifth set of 250,000 tons/year (the second set of bimodal) was also built in China Shanghai Petrochemical Company, becoming China’s largest PE device. The maximum design capacity of this single line of this process can reach 300,000 tons/year.
(3) BP’s gas phase Innovene process

It can produce LLDPE and HDPE products, using Z-N titanium-based, chromium-based or metallocene catalysts. Chrome

The chemical agent can produce products with a wide molecular weight distribution, and the Ziegler-Natta (Z-N) catalyst can produce products with a narrow molecular weight distribution. The operating conditions of the bed reactor are relaxed, at 75-100C and 2.0MPa. Butene or hexene can be used as a comonomer. 30 sets of production lines have been put into operation, design or construction. The capacity ranges from 50,000 na 350,000 tons per year.

Technip cooperates with BP in Europe, the former Soviet Union, South America, China and Malaysia
Support BP’s Innovene process for producing polyethylene. BP’s Innovene PE capacity has now exceeded 8 million tons per year, including PE devices in Bandar Iman in Iran, Grangermus in Scotland, Merak in Indonesia, and Keltih in Malaysia. The second expansion of the LLDPE/HDPE plant of China’s Dushanzi Petrochemical Company also adopted the Innovene process, increasing from 120,000 tons/year to 200,000 tons/year. SECCO’s new 600,000 tons of polyethylene will use this technology.
(4) ExxonMobil’s tubular and kettle reaction process

High-pressure free radical process is used to produce LDPE homopolymer and EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) copolymer.

Large-scale tubular reactors (capacity of 130 na 350,000 tons/year) and stirred tank reactors (capacity of about 100,000 tons/year) are used. The operating pressure of the tubular reactor is as high as 300MPa, and the tank reactor is lower than 200MPa. The advantage of the high-pressure process is to shorten the residence time, and the same reactor can be switched from producing homopolymers to copolymers. The density of homopolymer polymer is 912-935 kg/m3, and the melt index is 0.2-150. The vinyl acetate content can be as high as 30%. The material consumption and energy consumption per ton of polymer production are: 1.008 tons of ethylene, 800kwh of electricity, 0.35t of steam, and 5m3 of nitrogen. 23 sets of high-pressure process reactors have been put into operation, with a production capacity of 1.7 million tons per year. Production of homopolymers and various copolymers. V současnosti, Yanshan’s newly built 200,000-ton/year LDPE plant adopts the company’s tube method technology.
（5) Mitsui Chemicals low-pressure slurry Cx process

It can produce HDPE and MDPE, using the low-pressure slurry method CX process. Can produce bimodal molecular weight distribution

Produkt. Ethylene, vodík, komonomer a katalyzátor s ultravysokou aktivitou vstupují do reaktoru, a polymerační reakce probíhá ve stavu kaše. Automatický řídicí systém vlastností polymeru může účinně řídit kvalitu produktu, a katalyzátor s ultravysokou aktivitou není nutné z produktu odstraňovat. 90% Rozpouštědlo oddělené ze suspenze může být přímo recyklováno do reaktoru bez jakéhokoli zpracování. Může vyrábět produkty s úzkou nebo širokou distribucí molekulové hmotnosti s hustotou 930-970 kg/m3 a index toku taveniny 0.01-50. Spotřeba materiálu a energie na tunu vyrobeného produktu jsou: 1010 kg ethylenu a komonomerů, 305 kWh elektřiny, 340 kg páry, 190 tun chladicí vody, a 30 m3 dusíku. 35 výrobní linky byly uvedeny do provozu nebo ve výstavbě, s celkovou kapacitou 3.6 million tons per year. V současnosti, domestic enterprises using this technology mainly include the 220,000-ton plant in Daqing, the 140,000-ton plant in Yangtze and Yanshan, and the 70,000-ton plant in Lanzhou.
(6) Chevron-Philips double loop reactor LPE process

Phillips Petroleum Company LPE process is used to produce linear polyethylene (LPE). Highly active catalyst

The chemical agent is polymerized in the loop reactor and the isobutane slurry. Product melt index and molecular weight distribution can be adjusted and controlled by catalyst, operating conditions and hydrogen. The comonomer can be butene-1, hexene-1, octene-1 and the like. The high activity catalyst makes it unnecessary to remove the catalyst, and no paraffin or other by-products are formed during polymerization, which greatly reduces the environmental pollution. Ethylene, isobutane, comonomer and catalyst continuously enter the loop reactor and react at a temperature lower than 100C and about 4.0 MPa, and the residence time is about 1 hour. The single-pass conversion rate of ethylene exceeds 97%. Spotřeba materiálu a energie na tunu vyrobeného produktu jsou: 1.007 tons of ethylene, US$2-10 for catalysts and chemicals (for different products), 350 kWh elektřiny, 0.25 ton of steam, 185 ton of cooling water, a 30 m3 dusíku. 82 production lines have been put into operation and construction, accounting for 34% of the world’s PE capacity. The 135,000-ton plant of Shanghai Jinfei Company uses this technology. Maoming’s newly built 350,000-ton/year new device may also adopt this technology.
(7) Univation technology company low pressure gas phase Unipol process

LLDPE-HDPE is produced by the low-pressure, air-pressure Unipol PE process. Using slurry catalyst and gas

Phase, fluidized bed reactor. With conventional and metallocene catalysts, no catalyst removal step is required. Investment and operating costs are lower, and there is less pollution to the environment. Ethylene, comonomer and catalyst enter the fluidized bed reactor, the operating conditions are about 100C and 2.5MPa. The product density is 915-970kg/m3, and the melt index is 0.1-200. According to the type of catalyst, narrow or broad molecular weight distribution can be adjusted. 89 production lines have been put into operation or construction. The single line capacity can be 410,000 na 450,000 tons per year. V současnosti, there are many domestic devices using this technology, mainly Maoming, Jihua, Yangtze, Tianjin, Zhongyuan, Guangzhou, Daqing, Qilu, atd.

(8) Stamicarbon 4a COMPACT IZ This process uses advanced Z-N catalysts and uses COMPACT Solution technology to produce a density of

900-970kg/m3 of PE. A stirred tank reactor is used, and the polymerization temperature is 200C. Hydrogen is used to control the molecular weight of the polymer. No catalyst removal step is required. The material consumption and energy consumption per ton of product are: ethylene and comonomer 1.016t, electricity 500kwh, steam 400kg, cooling water 230m3, low pressure steam (výstup) 330kg. There are 5 sets of devices in operation, s celkovou kapacitou 650,000 tons/ year.
(9) Basel Polyolefin Company Hostalen Process

The hostalen process of stirred tank is used to produce HDPE. Use two reactors in parallel or series

Slurry polymerization. Spotřeba materiálu a energie na tunu vyrobeného produktu jsou: 1.015 t of ethylene and comonomers, 400 kg páry, 350 kwh of electricity, a 165 m3 of cooling water. There are 31 production lines in operation or under design, with a production capacity of nearly 3.4 million tons per year. V současnosti, the domestic device adopting this technology is Liaohua Company, with a production capacity of only 40,000 tons. The current single-line maximum production capacity of this technology can reach 350,000 tons/year, and it can produce almost all products including Bifeng, among which its products such as film, hollow and pipe have a certain reputation in the world.