ukucubungula ukushisa kwepulasitiki kunomthelela ekubunjeni.

1. Umthelela we ukufudumeza kwepulasitiki isivinini

Sengisho nje, ngesikhathi sokucisha ukushisa, ngokushesha i ukufudumeza kwepulasitiki isivinini, kukhulu ukucindezeleka okushisayo okukhiqizwa ku- isikhunta, okungenzeka kubangele ukubola nokuqhekeka kwesikhunta. Ikakhulukazi insimbi ye-alloy nensimbi ye-alloy ephezulu, ngenxa yokungabibikho kwe-thermal conductivity, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezikhethekile. Ukushisa, kwezinye izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zesikhunta se-alloy ephezulu, kuyadingeka ukuthatha izinyathelo eziningi zokushisa.

Noma kunjalo, ezimweni ngazinye, ukushisa ngokushesha ngezinye izikhathi kunganciphisa deformation. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuphela ubuso besikhunta obushiswayo, futhi isikhungo sihlala “kubanda”, ngakho-ke ukucindezeleka kwesakhiwo nokucindezeleka okushisayo kuyancishiswa ngokufanayo, futhi ukumelana ne-deformation core kukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa ukuguqulwa kokucima. Ngokusho kokuhlangenwe nakho kwasefekthri, isetshenziselwa ukuxazulula Kunomphumela othile ekuguquguqukeni kwe-hole pitch.

2. Umthelela we ukushisa kwepulasitiki yokushisa

Ukushisa kokushisa okucishayo kuthinta ukuqina kwezinto, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kuthinta ukwakheka kanye nosayizi wokusanhlamvu we-austenite.

1) Ngokombono wokuqina, ukushisa okuphezulu kokushisa kuzokwandisa ukucindezeleka okushisayo, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ukwandisa ukuqina, ngakho-ke ukucindezeleka kwesakhiwo nakho kuyanda, futhi kancane kancane uyabusa. Ngokwesibonelo, carbon ithuluzi izinsimbi T8, T10, T12, njll., lapho icinywa ekushiseni okujwayelekile kokucisha, ububanzi obungaphakathi bubonisa ukuthambekela kokuncipha, kodwa uma izinga lokushisa lokucisha lenyukela ku-≥850°C, ukuqina kuyanda kanye nokucindezeleka kwesakhiwo kancane kancane kuba yiSimo esibusayo, ngakho ububanzi obungaphakathi bungase bubonise ukuthambekela ekuqhumeni.

2) Ngokombono wokwakheka kwe-austenite, ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa lokucisha kwandisa okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ye-austenite, kanye nesikwele se-martensite ngemva kokucisha (ukwanda kwevolumu ethile), okwandisa ivolumu ngemva kokucisha.

3) Ngokombono wethonya ku-Ms, uma izinga lokushisa lokucima liphezulu, izinhlamvu ze-austenite zizoba mahhadla, okuzokwandisa ukuguquguquka nokuthambekela kokuqhekeka kwezingxenye.

Ngokufigqiwe, kuwo wonke amabanga ensimbi, ikakhulukazi ezinye izinsimbi ezine-high-carbon medium kanye ne-alloy ephezulu, izinga lokushisa quenching kuzothinta ngokusobala deformation quenching of the ipulasitiki isikhunta, ngakho-ke ukukhethwa okulungile kokushisa kokushisa okucisha kubaluleke kakhulu.

Sengisho nje, ukukhetha izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu lokucisha akulungile ekugugeni. Ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokungathinti ukusebenza, izinga lokushisa eliphansi lepulasitiki elishisayo lihlala lisetshenziswa. Noma kunjalo, kwamanye amamaki ensimbi ane-austenite egcinwe ngaphezulu ngemva kokucisha (njenge-Cr12MoV, njll.), inani le-austenite eligciniwe lingabuye lilungiswe ngokulungisa izinga lokushisa lokushisa ukuze lilungise ukuguqulwa kwesikhunta..

3. Umthelela wokucisha izinga lokupholisa

Ngenjwayelo, ukwandisa izinga lokupholisa ngaphezu kwephuzu lika-Ms kuzokwandisa kakhulu ukucindezeleka okushisayo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukuguqulwa okubangelwa ukucindezeleka okushisayo kuzovame ukwanda; ukwandisa izinga lokupholisa ngaphansi kwephuzu lika-Ms kuzokwandisa ngokuyinhloko ukuguqulwa okubangelwa ukucindezeleka kwezicubu. Okukhulu. Ku

Ukuze uthole amamaki ensimbi ahlukene, ngenxa yobude obuhlukene bamaphuzu kaNksz, lapho kusetshenziswa indlela efanayo yokucisha, kukhona ukuthambekela okuhlukile kwe-deformation. Ngebanga elifanayo lensimbi, uma kusetshenziswa imidiya ehlukene yokucisha, futhi banokuthambekela okuhlukile kokuguquguquka ngenxa yamakhono abo okupholisa ahlukene.

Ngokwesibonelo, i-Ms point yensimbi yensimbi ye-carbon iphansi kakhulu, ngakho uma kusetshenziswa ukupholisa amanzi, ithonya lokucindezeleka okushisayo livame ukunqoba; ngenkathi kusetshenziswa ukupholisa, ukucindezeleka kwesakhiwo kungase kunqobe.

Ekukhiqizeni kwangempela, isikhunta ngokuvamile asicimeki ngokuphelele lapho sehlelwa ngokwezinga noma senziwe ngokwezinga-austempered, ngakho ukucindezeleka okushisayo kuvame ukuba umphumela oyinhloko, okuvame ukushwabana umgodi. Noma kunjalo, ngoba ukucindezeleka okushisayo akukukhulu kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi, Ngakho-ke, ukuguqulwa okuphelele kuncane kakhulu. Uma kusetshenziswa ukucisha uketshezi oluphindwe kabili kawoyela wamanzi noma ukucisha uwoyela, ukucindezeleka okushisayo okubangelwa kukhulu, nokuncipha komgodi kuzokwanda.

4. Ithonya lokushisa lokushisa

Umphumela wokushisa okushisa ekuguquguqukeni ubangelwa ikakhulukazi ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisa. Uma umcimbi we “ukususwa kwesibili” kwenzeka ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisa, i-austenite egciniwe iguqulwa ibe yi-martensite, futhi umthamo othize we-martensite owenziwe mkhulu kunalowo we-austenite egciniwe, okuzokwenza ukuthi isikhunta sikhule; Okwezinye izinsimbi zamathuluzi e-alloy ephezulu, njenge-Cr12MoV, ukushisa okuphezulu kokucisha kusetshenziselwa ukudinga ubulukhuni obubomvu njengemfuneko eyinhloko. Lapho ukuthambisa okuningi, umthamo uyanda kanye njalo lapho ukuthambisa kwenziwa. Ku

Uma kushisa kwezinye izindawo zokushisa, umthamo othize uyancipha ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwe-martensite ecishiwe ibe yi-martensite epholile (noma i-sorbite ethambile, induduzo ethambile, njll.), ngakho umgodi uvame ukushwabana.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphumula kokucindezeleka okusele ekubunjeni ngesikhathi sokushisa nakho kuthinta ukuguqulwa. Ngemuva kokuthi isikhunta sicinywa, uma ubuso busesimweni sokucindezeleka okuqinile, ubukhulu buzokhula ngemuva kokushisa; Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma ubuso busesimweni sokucindezeleka okucindezelayo, ukuncipha kuzokwenzeka.

Kodwa emiphumeleni emibili yokuguqulwa kwenhlangano nokuphumula kwengcindezi, eyokuqala iyona eyinhloko. Okungenhla ukuhlaziya kuphela izici ezihlukahlukene ze-mold deformation kusukela ekwelapheni ukushisa, engasetshenziswa kuphela njengenkomba yokuxazulula inkinga.

Uma unemibuzo ku imboni yepulasitiki,plz zizwe ukhululekile ukubuza ithimba le-FLYSE,sizokunikeza isevisi engcono kakhulu!

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