Ukwehluleka okungenzeka kanye nezinyathelo zokuxilonga zesistimu ye-hydraulic yomshini wokubumba umjovo

Uma usebenzisa umshini wokubumba umjovo, ukwehluleka okungenzeka kwesistimu ye-hydraulic yomshini wokubumba umjovo kuhlukene. Kungumphumela wenhlanganisela yezinto eziningi, futhi ukuhlakazeka kukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa. Ngakho-ke, lapho wenza ukuxilongwa kwephutha, kuyadingeka ukuhlaziya izici ezibangela iphutha ngamunye ngamunye, qaphela ukuxhumana kwabo kwangaphakathi, futhi uthole ukuphikisana okuyinhloko, ukuze zixazululwe kalula.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ukwehluleka kwesistimu ye-hydraulic yomshini wokubumba umjovo akuyona ngengozi. Noma yikuphi ukwehluleka kuzohambisana nezimpawu ezihlukahlukene ezingavamile ngaphambi kokuba kuguquke kube ukwehluleka okukhulu. Lezi zimpawu zingafingqwa ngokuthi:

(1) Kukhona imisindo engajwayelekile, njengamaphampu, izinjini, kanye nama-valve we-thermostatic.
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(2) Isivinini sokusebenza sama-hydraulic motors okubulala, ukuhamba, nokuphakamisa, kanye namasilinda amanzi emishini ehlukahlukene yokusebenza, iyancipha futhi ibuthakathaka.
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(3) Izinga lethangi likawoyela liyehla futhi uwoyela uwohloke.
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(4) Ukuvuza kukawoyela kwenzeke endaweni engaphandle yezingxenye ze-hydraulic.
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(5) Izinga lokushisa likawoyela liphezulu kakhulu.
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(6) Ukulimala kwepayipi, ukuxega nokudlidliza kwenzeka.
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(7) Iphunga le-focal nucleus liyavela njalonjalo.
Konke okungenhla izenzakalo ingatholwa ngokubuka ngeso lenyama, ukuthinta ngesandla, kanye nephunga lekhala inqobo nje uma ulalelisisa ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Emsebenzini wangempela, abantu basebenzisa le ndlela yasendaweni njengolwazi lokuqala ukuze bahlaziye ukwehluleka, bese kusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho, hlanganisa lolu lwazi lokuqala ukuze uhlaziye inkinga yangempela futhi uthole imbangela yokwehluleka kusenesikhathi. Ixazululwe.

Noma kunjalo, emsebenzini wangempela, ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ukuxilonga ngokunembile imbangela yokwehluleka ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuphindaphinda okuningana kuyadingeka, leyo, ukuhlaziywa okuphindaphindiwe nokuhlolwa okuphindaphindiwe kuze kube yilapho kutholakala imbangela yokwehluleka.

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Emsebenzini wangempela, izisebenzi zobunjiniyela kanye nezobuchwepheshe zivame ukulandela izinyathelo ezilandelayo ukubhekana namaphutha ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic.
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(1) Qonda uhlelo
Lapho okuthile umjovo udini umshini inokwehluleka kwe-hydraulic, kufanele uqale uqonde uhlelo lwe-hydraulic. Kuwukujwayelana nedatha yezobuchwepheshe efanele nemibiko, qonda isimiso sokusebenza sohlelo lokucindezela kwegesi eliwuketshezi, qonda isakhiwo esiyisisekelo sezingxenye ezihlukahlukene kanye nemisebenzi ethile ohlelweni, futhi ukwazi ukuthola inqubo yokugeleza kwamanzi ngaphansi izimo zokusebenza ezehlukene. Ngaphambi kokuhlola imishini, bheka izimo zokusebenza zesistimu futhi urekhode idatha yezobuchwepheshe edingekayo, njengejubane lokusebenza, ingcindezi, ukugeleza, isikhathi somjikelezo, njll.
(2) Buza opharetha
Phenya u-opharetha osebenzisa umshini wokubumba umjovo ongasebenzi kahle. Buza mayelana nezici zemishini kanye nezici zayo zokusebenza; buza mayelana nezimo eziyisisekelo lapho okokusebenza kungasebenzi, njengokuthi iphampu ye-hydraulic ingaqalwa yini, noma izinga lokushisa likawoyela wesistimu liphezulu kakhulu, noma ngabe umsindo wesistimu uphezulu kakhulu, ukuthi i-hydraulic cylinder ingakwazi ukushayela umthwalo, njll.
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(3) Qinisekisa isenzeko esihlinzekwe ngu-opharetha futhi uhlole ngokucophelela
Isimanga esihlongozwe isisebenzisi siphinde siqinisekiswe ngokubheka ukufundwa kwamamitha, isivinini sokusebenza, ukulalela umsindo, ukuhlola ukuthi uwoyela nama-actuator awanakho yini ukungasebenzi kahle, njll.; bese, ngokuvumelana nokugeleza koketshezi ohlelweni, bheka ngokucophelela iluphu evela ethangini ngokushintshana, futhi ngesikhathi Rekhoda lokho okubonile.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, hlola ngokucophelela uwoyela ethangini likaphethiloli ukuze unqume ukuthi ukungcola kungena yini ohlelweni. Kuthinta ukusebenza okuvamile kwengxenye ngayinye yesistimu; uyithinte ngesandla ukuze uhlole ukuthi ipayipi lokungenisa uwoyela kanye nepayipi likawoyela elinomfutho ophezulu kwandile yini, athambekele, kuvuza, noma ezilimele; hlola amalunga epayipi ezingxenye zokulawula kanye nezikulufo ezikhulayo zezindlu uma zikhululekile; ekugcineni hlola amafutha kanye nenduku ye-Piston yesilinda esisetshenziswa yi-hydraulic. Esinyathelweni ngasinye sokuhlola, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kukhona yini ukusebenza okungafanele noma ukulungiswa ukuze kutholwe imbangela yokwehluleka.
(4) Bhala izimbangela ezingase zehluleke ngokusekelwe olwazini olutholakala ngokuqonda, uphenyo, ukuqinisekiswa kanye nokuhlolwa
Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukwehluleka kungase kubangelwe izizathu ezimbili noma ngaphezulu. Ngokwesibonelo, isivinini se-actuator singancipha, okungase kube ngenxa yokuguga kwezingxenye zepompo ye-hydraulic, noma ukuvuza kwangaphakathi kwe-hydraulic cylinder kungase kwande; Ngokwesibonelo, Uma izinga lokushisa likawoyela liphezulu kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi inani lamafutha ethangini lamafutha alanele, noma ukuthi ukungcoliswa kukawoyela kuvimbela indawo yokukhipha ukushisa, noma ukucindezela kwe-valve yokuchichima kulungiswa kakhulu.
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(5) Yenza isiphetho
Ngokohlu lwezimbangela zokwehluleka, ukulandelana kokuhlola kuhlelwa ngokwesimiso se “kulula kuqala bese kuba nzima”. Okokuqala khetha lezo ezingabuyiselwa kokujwayelekile ngemva kokuhlola noma ukulungiswa okulula, ukuze umsebenzi wokuhlola uqedwe ngesikhathi esifushane.
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(6) Isiphetho sokuqinisekisa
Kanye ngezinyathelo ezingenhla, thola imbangela yokwehluleka komshini wokubumba umjovo, qala ukuxazulula inkinga. Ukuxazulula inkinga kuhlanganisa ukuhlola ingcindezi nokugeleza ngempahla yokuhlola efanele, ukuqaqa ikhava ye-casing, namaphampu okuhlola, motors nezinye izingxenye. Lokhu kuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kuyisisekelo sokwahlulela ukushintshwa kwezingxenye kanye nezingxenye ze-hydraulic. Emsebenzini wangempela, ngokuvamile alukho umshini wokuhlola ofanelekile ongawenza ukuhlola. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukufaka esikhundleni sepompo, imoto, i-hydraulic valve kanye nezinye izingxenye zezingxenye njengendlela ephumelelayo yokuxazulula inkinga.Enqubweni yokuthola nokuxazulula amaphutha, kufanele uqaphele, qaphela, eqaphile, futhi ulwele ukunemba, gwema ukuqaqa izingxenye ngokungaboni, noma usebenzise izindlela ezingafanele ukubhekana namaphutha, ukuze kugwenywe umonakalo omusha odalwe yilokhu. Ngaphandle uma kudingeka, musa ukuqaqa kalula izingxenye ze-hydraulic, ngoba ukuhlakazeka okungadingekile futhi ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nomhlangano kuzonciphisa impilo yesevisi yalezi zingxenye.

Izinga lokushisa elifanele le-hydraulic system kufanele libe phakathi 45 amadigri kanye 50 amadigri. Isizathu siwukuthi uhlelo lwe-hydraulic luklanyelwe ngokusho kwe-viscosity yamafutha okucindezela okukhethiwe, kodwa i-viscosity izoshintsha ngokushisa kwamafutha, okuzothinta umsebenzi ohlelweni. Izingxenye, njengamasilinda amafutha, ama-valve we-hydraulic, njll., nciphisa ukunemba kokulawula kanye nokuzwela kokuphendula, ikakhulukazi imishini yokujova ngokunemba.
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Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, izosheshisa ukuguga kophawu futhi ibangele ukuba lukhuni futhi iqhekeke; uma izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu, amandla okucubungula azosetshenziswa futhi isivinini sokusebenza sizokwehla. Ngakho-ke, kudingekile ukunaka kakhulu izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo lamafutha we-hydraulic. Kunezizathu eziningi zokushisa kwamafutha aphezulu, kodwa eziningi zazo zibangelwa ukwehluleka kwesifunda samafutha noma ukwehluleka kwesistimu yokupholisa.
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Uwoyela onganele uzodala ukuthi izinga lokushisa likawoyela likhuphuke kalula, futhi umoya uzoncibilika kalula emafutheni, okuzothinta izinga likawoyela kanye nokusebenza okuvamile kwesistimu ye-hydraulic. Uwoyela onganele ngokuvamile ubangelwa ukuvuza kwamafutha noma ukulahlekelwa ngesikhathi sokulungiswa. Ngokwalesi sizathu, kufanele unake ukuze uhlole ukuthi akukho yini ukuvuza. Uma kunesidingo, buyisela izimpawu ezigugile futhi uqinise amalunga axegayo ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngemva kwesondlo, hlola inani lamafutha ethangini futhi uligcwalise ngesikhathi.

Enye yezinto ezibalulekile zikawoyela we-hydraulic ukuzinza kwawo kwamakhemikhali, leyo, ukuzinza kwe-oxidation. I-oxidation iyisici esibaluleke kakhulu esinquma impilo yesevisi ephumelelayo yamafutha we-hydraulic. Indaba engancibiliki njengetiyela lezinkuni, udaka nezinsalela zekhabhoni ezikhiqizwa yi-oxidation zizongcolisa uhlelo lwe-hydraulic, ukwandisa ukuguga kwezingxenye ze-hydraulic, ukunciphisa izikhala ezihlukahlukene, vimba izimbobo ezincane, futhi ekugcineni kubangele I-hydraulic system ingasebenzi kahle.

Izinga le-oxidation likawoyela we-hydraulic lincike ezintweni eziningi njengawo uqobo kanye nezimo zokusebenza, lapho izinga lokushisa lingenye yezinto eziyinhloko. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa uwoyela we-hydraulic ofanele futhi uhlole njalo i-oxidation degree yamafutha we-hydraulic (kwahlulelwa kusukela kumbala omnyama wamafutha ngokwawo) ), kudingekile ngempela ukushintsha uwoyela ngenkuthalo ngemva kwenani elithile lamahora okusebenza.　　
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Ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa i- umjovo udini umshini, hlola njalo izinga lamafutha okucindezela, ukucindezela kwepompo yamafutha kanye nokuhlanzeka kwamafutha okucindezela. Lapho uhlangabezana nesimo sezulu esimanzi, ukuhlushwa kwamafutha okucindezela kufanele kuhlolwe nsuku zonke, futhi amapayipi amanzi kufanele ahlolwe njalo ukuze kuvinjwe amanzi ukuthi ahlanganiswe. Emafutheni okucindezela, isihlungi samafutha sivinjiwe. Hlola ithangi likaphethiloli njalo ukuze uligcine lihlanzekile ukuze uvimbele ukuwela imfucumfucu. Gcwalisa uwoyela wokucindezela ngesikhathi.
Okokugcoba izingxenye ezihambayo, inkinobho yokuhamba, ukuqiniswa kwezikulufu, nokuthi amapayipi kawoyela namajoyinti ayavuza yini, kufanele zihlolwe njalo ngesonto ukuze zihlale zisesimweni esihle. Uma bekhululekile, kufanele zishintshwe noma ziqiniswe.　　
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Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma amafutha okucindezela asetshenziswa isikhathi eside noma eside kakhulu, amafutha okucindezela angashintshwa, ukuze kunwetshwe impilo yomshini kawoyela, iphampu yamafutha kanye nendandatho yokuvala.