Calor curatio processus plasticae fingunt

Diversa genera ferri sunt sicut formae plasticae, et earum chemicae compositio et proprietas mechanicae sunt diversae, ita vestibulum processus itinera diversa; similiter, diversis generibus plastic fingunt steels uti diversis caloris curatio processuum. Haec sectio maxime inducit processus processus fabricandi et notas caloris processus curationis " plastic fingunt.

1. Explicatio termini curatio caloris

1. Annealing

(1) Conceptus: Processus curationis caloris ex ferro calefaciendi ad temperatus congruus, observatio ad certum tempus, et tardius refrigerationem (solet refrigerare fornacem).

(2) Propositum:

1. Duritiam ferri humilem auge, ut eius plasticitatem augeas (ad faciliorem sectionem);
2. Depura grana, nec non structura et compositione ferri;
3. Eliminate RELICTUM internum accentus in ferro et ne deformatio et crepuit

(3) Classification: integrum furnum; spheroidizing annealing; accentus subsidio furnum

2. Normalising

(1) Conceptus: Modus processus de ferro calefaciendi ad 30～500C supra Ac3 vel ACcm, tenentes eam in tempore opportuno, et refrigerandum in aere.

(2) Propositum: Vulgo idem est quod furandi causa, sed normalizing rate est frigus paulo velocius quam furnum, sic margarita structuram nactus post normalizing est relative bene, et vis et duritia sunt altiores ferro sublato.

Normalisandi habet cyclum productionem breviorem quam furnum et humilis sumptus et facilem operationem habet. Ergo, normalizing est malle, cum fieri potest, sed furnum utendum est partibus complexis.

3. exstingui

(1) Conceptus: Processus curationis caloris de ferro calefaciendi ad aliquam temperiem supra Ac3 vel Ac1, tenentes ad certum tempus, et refrigerationem opportuna celeritate ad martensite vel bainite structuram.

(2) Propositum: Ad obtinendum martensite, amplio vi et duritia ferro.

4. Temperatio

(1) Conceptus: a heat treatment process in which the quenched steel is heated to a temperature below the Ac1 point, held for a certain period of time, and then cooled to room temperature.

(2) Propositum:

1. Eliminate internal stress;
2. Obtain the required mechanical properties (improve the toughness of the steel, appropriately adjust the strength and hardness of the steel);
3. Stable organization and size

Secundus, the manufacturing process route of plastic molds

1. Low-carbon steel and low-carbon alloy steel molds

Exempli gratia, the process route of 20, 20Cr, 20CrMnTi and other steels is: blanking→forging die blank→annealing→mechanical rough machining→cold extrusion forming→recrystallization annealing→mechanical finishing→carburizing→quenching, tempering→grinding and polishing →Assemble.

2. High-alloy carburized steel mold

Exempli gratia, processus via 12CrNi3A et 12CrNi4A chalybs is: vestis → cudebat mori blank → normalizing ac caliditas temperans → mechanica aspera machining → caliditas temperans → consummatio → carburizing → restinguere ac temperare → stridor ac poliuntur → ecclesia.

3. Exstinguitur et temperatum ferro fingunt

Exempli gratia, the process route of 45, 40Cr and other steels is: blanking → fictis alea blank → furnum → mechanica aspera machining → temperare et temperare → mechanica consummatione → coluisse, polishing→assembly.

4. Instrumentum carbonis ferrum et instrumentum mixturae ferro fingit

Exempli gratia, processus via T7A～T10A, CrWMn, 9SiCr and other steels is: vacua → cudebat in alea codicellos → spheroidizing furnum → mechanica aspera machining → accentus subsidio furnum → mechanica semi-finiens → mechanica conficiendi → exstinguitur, temperatura → stridor politura → conventus.

5. Pre-hardened steel mold

Exempli gratia, 5NiSiCa, 3Cr2Mo (P20) and other steels. Pro directe processit cum neruo vectis, prae-durati fuerint ex copia status, et potest directe discursum et formatum, tum politum convenerunt. For those that need to be forged into blanks and then processed into forming, the process route is: vacua → cudebat → spheroidizing furnum → consilio vel milling sex laterum → prae induratio curatio (34～42HRC)→ mechanica roughing → accentus subsidio furnum → Mechanica conficiendi → expolitio → conventus.

tertia, calor curatio characteres plastic formas

(1) Heat treatment characteristics of carburized steel plastic mold

1. Nam plastic formas magna duritia, magno labore resistentia ac durities opus, carburized steel should be used for manufacturing, and carburizing, quenching and low temperature tempering are the final heat treatments.

2. Requirements for the carburized layer, generally the thickness of the carburized layer is 0.8 ~ 1.5mm, when pressing plastics containing hard fillers, the mold carburized layer thickness is required to be 1.3 ~ 1.5mm, when pressing soft plastics, the carburized layer The thickness is 0.8～1.2mm. The carbon content of the carburized layer is preferably 0.7% to 1.0%. If carbon and nitrogen co-infiltration are used, the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and anti-sticking properties will be better.
3. The carburizing temperature is generally 900～920℃, and small molds with complex cavities can take 840～860℃ medium temperature carbonitriding. The carburizing heat preservation time is 5-10h, which should be selected according to the requirements for the thickness of the carburized layer. The carburizing process adopts hierarchical carburizing process, ille est, the high temperature stage (900～920℃) is mainly to quickly infiltrate the surface of the part; the medium temperature stage (820～840℃) is mainly to increase the thickness of the carburized layer. A uniform and reasonable carbon concentration gradient distribution is established in the carburized layer, which is convenient for direct quenching.

4. The quenching process after carburizing is different according to the steel type. After carburizing, it can be used separately: reheating and quenching; direct quenching after graded carburizing (such as alloy carburized steel); direct quenching after medium temperature carbonitriding (ut industriae parvae praecisio formae ex extrusione frigidae ferri vel minoris carbonis ferri); aer exstinguitur post carburizing (sicut formae magnae et mediae factae sunt summus admixto carburized chalybe).

(2) Calor curatio durae ferro plasticae fingunt

1. Formae enim sunt magis compositae figurae, calor curatio facienda est post aspera machining ac deinde machining consummare curare minimam deformationem in calore curatio. Nam subtilitas fingit, deformatio minus 0.05%.2. Superficies requisita cavitatis formse plasticae valde stricte sunt, sic in exstinguendo et calefaciendo processum, necesse est ut superficies cavitatis non oxidized, decarburized, non corroditur, aestuat, etc. Calefieri debet in fornace defensiva vel in fornace balnei salis post deoxidationem strictam. Si communis archa-genus resistentia fornacis adhibetur ad calefaciendum, tutela agentis adhibenda est superficiei formae cavitatis, et calefactio rate contineri debet. Cooling medium, moderari refrigerationem rate ad vitare deformatio, elit et scalpendo in exstinguendo processum. Fere, calidum balneum exstingui melius, et pre-exstingui refrigeratio etiam adhiberi potest.

3. After quenching, temperetur tempore, temperatura temperatura altior est quam operatio formae, et temperans tempus sufficiat. Longitudo materiae et sectionis dependet ex forma magnitudinis, but at least 40-60min.

(3) Æstus curatio prae ferro obdurata forma plastica

1. Prae-duratum ferrum praebetur in statu praedurato, et plerumque calor curatio non requirit, sed interdum immutari debet fictis, and the die blank after modified forging must be heat treated.

2. The pre-heat treatment of pre-hardened steel usually adopts spheroidizing annealing, the purpose is to eliminate forging stress, obtain uniform spherical pearlite structure, reduce hardness, increase plasticity, and improve the cutting performance or cold extrusion forming performance of the die blank.

The pre-hardening process of pre-hardened steel is simple, most of which adopt quenching and tempering treatment, and tempered sorbite structure is obtained after quenching and tempering. The high temperature tempering has a wide temperature range that can meet the various working hardness requirements of the mold. Due to the good hardenability of this kind of steel, oil cooling, air cooling or nitrate-salt graded quenching can be used during quenching.

(4) Heat treatment of age-hardening steel plastic mold

1. The heat treatment process of age hardening steel is divided into two basic steps. Primis, the solution treatment is carried out, ille est, the steel is heated to a high temperature, so that various alloying elements are dissolved in the austenite, and the austenite is quenched to obtain the martensite structure. The second step is aging treatment, and aging is used to strengthen the mechanical properties that meet the final requirements.

2. The solution treatment heating is generally carried out in a salt bath furnace or a box furnace. The heating time can be respectively: 1min/mm, 2~2.5min/mm, quenching adopts oil cooling, and steel with good hardenability can also be air-cooled. If the final forging temperature can be accurately controlled when forging the die blank, solutio exstingui potest directe post cudendum.

3. Senescit curatio optime exercetur in fornace vacuo. Si exercetur in fornacem arca, ne superficies formae cavitatem oxidized, tutela atmosphaera introducenda in fornacem, aut aluminium oxydatum pulveris, graphite pulveris, aut ferreis utendum est in capsa. Seneca sub tutela conditionibus. Sarcina tutelae calefactio convenienter extendere debet calorem conservationis tempore, aliter difficile erit consequi senescentis effectus.

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