Incazelo yolwazi lokubumba umjovo

Ukubumba umjovo, eyaziwa nangokuthi ukubumba umjovo, kuyindlela yokubumba ehlanganisa umjovo nokubumba. Izinzuzo zendlela yokubumba umjovo isivinini sokukhiqiza esisheshayo, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukusebenza kungenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, imiklamo ehlukahlukene nemibala, ubujamo bungaba ukusuka kokulula ukuya kobudisi, osayizi bangaba kusuka kokukhulu kuye kwabancane, futhi usayizi womkhiqizo unembile, umkhiqizo kulula ukuwubuyekeza, futhi ingenziwa ibe yizimo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Izingxenye kanye nokubunjwa komjovo kulungele ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi kanye nezinkambu zokucubungula ukubumba njengemikhiqizo enezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Emazingeni okushisa athile, impahla yepulasitiki encibilike ngokuphelele inyakaziswa ngesikulufu, ijove emgodini wesikhunta ngomfutho ophezulu, futhi ipholile futhi yaqina ukuze kutholwe umkhiqizo obunjiwe. Le ndlela ifanele ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi bezingxenye ezinobunjwa obuyinkimbinkimbi futhi ingenye yezindlela ezibalulekile zokucubungula.
⒈Izinga lokushisa lesilinda:
Izinga lokushisa okudingeka lilawulwe kunqubo yokubumba umjovo lihlanganisa izinga lokushisa lomgqomo, izinga lokushisa le-nozzle kanye nokushisa kwesikhunta. Amazinga okushisa amabili okuqala athinta ikakhulukazi i-plasticization kanye nokugeleza kwepulasitiki, kuyilapho izinga lokushisa lokugcina lithinta kakhulu ukugeleza nokupholisa kwepulasitiki. Ipulasitiki ngayinye inezinga lokushisa elihlukile lokugeleza. Okwepulasitiki efanayo, ngenxa yemithombo ehlukene noma amabanga, izinga lokushisa layo lokugeleza kanye nezinga lokushisa lokubola lihlukile. Lokhu kungenxa yomehluko esilinganisweni sesisindo samangqamuzana nokusatshalaliswa kwesisindo samangqamuzana. Amapulasitiki ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zokujova Inqubo yokwenza ipulasitiki emshinini nayo ihlukile, ngakho izinga lokushisa lomgqomo nalo lihlukile.
⒉Izinga lokushisa le-Nozzle:
Izinga lokushisa lombhobho ngokuvamile lingaphansi kancane kunokushisa okuphezulu komgqomo. Lokhu ukuvimbela “ukuqhinqa” okungenzeka ku-nozzle eqondile yokuncibilika. Ukushisa kwe-nozzle akufanele kube phansi kakhulu, kungenjalo kuzobangela ukuqina ngaphambi kwesikhathi kokuncibilika futhi kuvimbele umlomo, noma ukusebenza komkhiqizo kuzothinteka ngenxa yokuqina ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwento ejovelwe emgodini.

⒊Izinga lokushisa lesikhunta:
Ukushisa kwesikhunta kunethonya elikhulu ekusebenzeni kwangaphakathi kanye nekhwalithi ebonakalayo yomkhiqizo. Izinga lokushisa isikhunta kuncike crystallinity of the plastic, ubukhulu nesakhiwo somkhiqizo, izidingo zokusebenza, kanye nezinye izimo zenqubo (ncibilika izinga lokushisa, isivinini somjovo kanye nomfutho womjovo, umjikelezo wokubumba, njll.).

Ukulawula ingcindezi

Ingcindezi yenqubo yokubumba umjovo ihlanganisa ukucindezela kwe-plasticizing kanye nokucindezela komjovo, futhi kuthinta ngqo i-plasticization yamapulasitiki kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.

⒈Ukucindezela kwe-lamination:
(Ukucindezela emuva) Uma usebenzisa umshini wokujova isikulufa, ingcindezi engaphezulu kwesikulufu lapho isikulufu sizungeziswa futhi sihlehla ibizwa ngokuthi ingcindezi ye-plasticizing, eyaziwa nangokuthi ingcindezi yangemuva. Ubukhulu balokhu kucindezela bungalungiswa yi-valve yokuchichima ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic.

Emjovweni, ubukhulu bengcindezi ye-plasticizing idinga ukushintshwa ngokuklama kwesikulufu, izidingo zekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kanye nohlobo lwepulasitiki. Uma lezi zimo kanye nesivinini se-screw kufana, ukwandisa ingcindezi ye-plasticizing kuzoqinisa Umsebenzi we-shear, leyo, izokwandisa izinga lokushisa lokuncibilika, kodwa kuzonciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-plasticization, ukwandisa ukugeleza okubuyela emuva nokuvuza, futhi andise amandla okushayela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwandisa ukucindezela kwe-plasticizing ngokuvamile kungenza izinga lokushisa lomfaniswano oncibilike, ukuxuba iyunifomu ye-pigments, futhi igesi ekuncibilikeni ingakhishwa. jikelele
Ijika lokucindezela ekubumbeni umjovo
Iyasebenza, ingcindezi ye-plasticizing kufanele inqunywe njengoba iphansi ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Inani elithile liyahlukahluka ngezinhlobonhlobo zamapulasitiki asetshenziswa, kodwa ngokuvamile akuvamile ukudlula 20 kg/cm².

⒉Ingcindezi yomjovo:
Ekukhiqizeni kwamanje, ingcindezi yomjovo cishe yonke imishini yokujova isekelwe phezu kwe-plunger noma phezulu kwesikulufu kuya epulasitiki
Ingcindezi esetshenzisiwe (kuguqulwe umfutho wamafutha) izanqoba. Indima yengcindezi yomjovo ekubumbeni umjovo ukunqoba ukumelana nokugeleza kwepulasitiki ukusuka emgqonyeni kuya emgodini, ukunikeza izinto ezincibilikisiwe izinga lokugcwalisa isikhunta, kanye nokuhlanganisa izinto ezibunjiweyo. Ukubumba umjovo

Umjikelezo wokubumba

Isikhathi esidingekayo ukuqedela inqubo yokubumba umjovo sibizwa ngokuthi umjikelezo wokubumba, owaziwa nangokuthi umjikelezo wokubumba. Empeleni kuhlanganisa izingxenye ezilandelayo:
Umjikelezo wokubumba umjovo
Umjikelezo wokubumba: Umjikelezo wokubumba uthinta ngqo ukukhiqiza kwabasebenzi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemishini. Ngakho-ke, ohlelweni lokukhiqiza, isikhathi esifanele kumjikelezo wokubumba kufanele sifinyezwe ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi. Kuwo wonke umjikelezo wokubumba, isikhathi somjovo kanye nesikhathi sokupholisa yizona ezibaluleke kakhulu, bonke banethonya elibalulekile kwikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.Isikhathi sokugcwalisa ngesikhathi somjovo siphambene ngokuqondile nesilinganiso sokugcwalisa., futhi isikhathi sokugcwalisa ekukhiqizeni ngokuvamile simayelana 3-5 imizuzwana. Ingcindezi yokubamba isikhathi ngesikhathi somjovo yisikhathi sokucindezela kwepulasitiki emgodini, okuthatha ingxenye enkulu kuso sonke isikhathi sokujova, ngokuvamile mayelana 20-120 imizuzwana (izingxenye eziwugqinsi ngokwedlulele zingaba phezulu njenge 5-10 imizuzu).Ngaphambi kokuba impahla encibilikisiwe ivalwe esangweni, isikhathi sokubamba sinomthelela ekunembeni kosayizi womkhiqizo, uma kwenzeka kamuva, ngeke kube nomthelela. Isikhathi sokubamba naso sinenani elivumayo kakhulu, eyaziwa ngokuncika ekushiseni okuphathekayo, izinga lokushisa lesikhunta, kanye nobukhulu bomgijimi oyinhloko nesango. Uma izilinganiso ze-sprue nesango kanye nezimo zenqubo zijwayelekile, ngokuvamile inani lokucindezela elithola uhla lokuguquguquka oluncane kakhulu lwezinga lokuncipha komkhiqizo lizosebenza.

Isikhathi sokupholisa sinqunywa ngokuyinhloko ubukhulu bomkhiqizo, izakhiwo ezishisayo nezicwebezelayo zepulasitiki, kanye nezinga lokushisa lesikhunta. Ukuphela kwesikhathi sokupholisa kufanele kusekelwe kumgomo wokuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izinguquko ezibangwayo lapho umkhiqizo udilizwa.. Isikhathi sokupholisa ngokuvamile siphakathi 30 futhi 120 imizuzwana. Akudingekile ukuthi isikhathi sokupholisa sibe side kakhulu. Ngeke nje kunciphise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, kodwa futhi kuthinte izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kunzima ukudiliza, kanye nengcindezi yokudiliza kungenzeka ngisho nalapho udiliza ngamandla. Esinye isikhathi kumjikelezo wokubumba sihlobene nokuthi inqubo yokukhiqiza iyaqhubeka yini futhi iyazenzakalela, kanye nezinga lokuqhubeka kanye ne-automation.

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⒈Umfutho womjovo
Ingcindezi yomjovo ihlinzekwa yi-hydraulic system yohlelo lomjovo. Ingcindezi ye-hydraulic cylinder idluliselwa kupulasitiki oncibilikayo ngesikulufu somshini wokubumba umjovo.. Ukuncibilika kwepulasitiki kuqhutshwa ukucindezela futhi kungena kumzila wokugeleza oqondile wesikhunta (noma umzila wokugeleza oyinhloko wesikhunta esithile), umzila omkhulu wokugeleza, kanye nokugeleza kwe-split ku-nozzle yomshini wokubumba umjovo. Bese ungena emgodini wesikhunta ngesango. Le nqubo inqubo yokubumba umjovo, noma inqubo yokugcwalisa.
Ukuba khona kwengcindezi kuwukunqoba ukumelana nenqubo yokuncibilika kokugeleza, noma ngokuphambene, ukumelana nenqubo yokugeleza kudinga ukucindezelwa umshini wokubumba umjovo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqhubeka kahle kwenqubo yokugcwalisa..

Esikhathini sokubumba umjovo, ingcindezi ku-nozzle yomshini wokubumba umjovo iphezulu kakhulu ukunqoba ukumelana nokugeleza kokuncibilika kuyo yonke inqubo. Ngemva kwalokho, ingcindezi iyancipha kancane kancane ngobude bokugeleza ukuya endaweni engaphambili yegagasi yokuphela kokuncibilika. Uma ingaphakathi lomgodi liphuma kahle, ukucindezela kokugcina ekupheleni kokuncibilika ukucindezela komkhathi.

Kunezici eziningi ezithinta ukucindezela kokugcwalisa ukuncibilika, okungafingqwa kuyo 3 izigaba:
⑴Izinto ezibonakalayo, njengohlobo lwepulasitiki, i-viscosity, njll.;
⑵Izici zesakhiwo, njengohlobo, inombolo kanye nendawo yesistimu yokuthulula, ukuma kwesikhunta kanye nobukhulu bomkhiqizo, njll.;
⑶ Izinqubo zokubumba.

⒉Isikhathi sokujova
Isikhathi somjovo esishiwo lapha sisho isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze inyibiliko yepulasitiki igcwalise umgodi, ngaphandle kwesikhathi esiyisizayo njengokuvula nokuvala isikhunta. Nakuba isikhathi somjovo sifushane futhi umthelela kumjikelezo wokubumba mncane, ukulungiswa kwesikhathi somjovo kunomthelela omkhulu ekulawuleni ukucindezela kwesango, umgijimi kanye nomgodi. Isikhathi sokujova esiphusile siyasiza ekugcwalisweni okufanelekile kokuncibilika, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni izinga eliphezulu lomkhiqizo kanye nokunciphisa ukubekezelelana kwe-dimensional.Isikhathi sokujova siphansi kakhulu kunesikhathi sokupholisa, mayelana 1/10 ku 1/15 ngesikhathi sokupholisa. Lo mthetho ungasetshenziswa njengesisekelo sokubikezela isikhathi esiphelele sokubumba izingxenye zepulasitiki. Ekuhlaziyeni ukugeleza kwesikhunta, kuphela lapho ukuncibilika kuqhutshwa ngokuphelele ukuzungeza isikulufu ukugcwalisa umgodi, isikhathi somjovo kumphumela wokuhlaziya silingana nesikhathi somjovo esibekwe ezimeni zenqubo. Uma ukushintsha kokucindezela kwesikulufu kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba i-cavity igcwale, umphumela wokuhlaziya uzoba mkhulu kunokumiswa kwezimo zenqubo.

⒊Izinga lokushisa lomjovo
Izinga lokushisa lomjovo liyisici esibalulekile esithinta ingcindezi yomjovo. Umgqomo womshini wokubumba umjovo une 5-6 izingxenye zokushisisa, futhi impahla ngayinye eluhlaza inezinga lokushisa elifanele lokucubungula (ukuze uthole izinga lokushisa elinemininingwane yokucubungula, sicela ubhekisele kudatha enikezwe umphakeli wezinto ezibonakalayo). Izinga lokushisa lomjovo kufanele lilawulwe phakathi kwebanga elithile.

Uma izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu, ukuncibilika kuzokwenziwa kabi ngepulasitiki, okuzothinta ikhwalithi yezingxenye ezibunjiwe futhi kwandise ubunzima benqubo; uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, izinto zokusetshenziswa kulula ukubola. Enqubweni yokubumba umjovo wangempela, izinga lokushisa lomjovo livame ukuba ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa lomgqomo, futhi inani eliphezulu lihlobene nezinga lomjovo kanye nokusebenza kwento, kufika ku-30°C.

Lokhu kungenxa yokushisa okuphezulu okukhiqizwa i-shear lapho ukuncibilika kudlula imbobo yomjovo. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokunxephezela lo mehluko ekuhlaziyeni ukugeleza kwesikhunta. Okunye ukuzama ukukala izinga lokushisa lokuncibilika ngesikhathi sokujova umoya, kanti okunye wukufaka umlomo uma umodela.
⒋Ukubamba ingcindezi nesikhathi
Ekupheleni kwenqubo yokubumba umjovo, isikulufu siyayeka ukuzungezisa futhi siqhubekela phambili kuphela. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukubunjwa komjovo kungena esiteji sokubamba ingcindezi. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubamba ingcindezi, umlomo womjovo womshini wokubumba umjovo uqhubeka uphakela imbobo ukuze ugcwalise ivolumu ephumile ngenxa yokuncipha kwengxenye..

Uma ingcindezi ingagcinwa ngemuva kokugcwaliswa komgodi, ingxenye izoncipha cishe 25%, ikakhulukazi ama-shrinkage marks akhiwa ezimbanjeni ngenxa yokuncipha ngokweqile. Ingcindezi yokubamba ngokuvamile imayelana 85% yokucindezela okukhulu kokugcwalisa, kunjalo, kufanele kunqunywe ngokwesimo sangempela.

⒌Ukucindezela emuva
Ingcindezi yasemuva isho ingcindezi isikulufu esiyidingayo uma sihlehla futhi sihlehlisa okokusebenza. Ukusetshenziswa komfutho ophakeme we-back back kusiza ekuhlakazweni kwempahla yombala kanye nokuncibilika kwepulasitiki., kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kwandisa isikhathi sokuhlehlisa isikulufu, kunciphisa ubude be-plastic fiber, futhi kwandisa ingcindezi yomshini wokubumba umjovo. Ngakho-ke, ukucindezela emuva kufanele kube phansi, ngokuvamile hhayi ngaphezu ukubumba umjovo. 20% yokucindezeleka. Uma ujova igwebu, ingcindezi yangemuva kufanele ibe phezulu kunokucindezela okwenziwe yigesi, kungenjalo isikulufu sizophushwa siphume emgqonyeni.

Abanye imishini yokubumba umjovo ingahlela ingcindezi yangemuva ukunxephezela ukuncishiswa kobude besikulufu ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, okunciphisa okokufaka ukushisa futhi kwehlisa izinga lokushisa. Noma kunjalo, njengoba umphumela walolu shintsho kunzima ukulinganisa, akulula ukulungisa umshini ngokufanele.