Siyini isimiso, izici, isicelo kanye nenqubo yokubumba umjovo ngomshini wokubumba umjovo?

Namuhla ake sikhulume ngomgomo, izici, isicelo kanye nenqubo yokubumba umjovo nge umjovo udini umshini.

1. Umgomo we umjovo udini. Faka ipulasitiki eyimbudumbudu noma eyimpuphu ku-hopper yomshini womjovo. Ipulasitiki iyashisisa futhi inyibilikiswe emshinini womjovo ukuze iqhubeke igeleza, bese ijova esikhunjeni esivaliwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethile. Ngemuva kokupholisa nokubunjwa, iyancibilika Ipulasitiki iyaqiniswa ukuze ibe ingxenye edingekayo yepulasitiki. Ku

2. Izici wokubumba umjovo
Ukubumba umjovo kunomjikelezo omfushane wokukhiqiza kanye nokukhiqiza okuphezulu. Ukubumba umjovo kungakhiqiza izingxenye zepulasitiki ezinobunjwa obuyinkimbinkimbi, izidingo zosayizi ophezulu kanye nokufakwa okuhlukahlukene, okunzima ukukufeza ngezinye izindlela zokubumba ipulasitiki; okwesibili, ukubumba umjovo kusenqubweni yokukhiqiza Kulula ukubona i-automation, njengomjovo, ukudiliza, ukususwa kwesango kanye neminye imisebenzi kungenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngakho ukubumba umjovo sekusetshenziswe kabanzi.

2.1 Izinzuzo:
Umjikelezo wokubumba mfushane, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kuphezulu, futhi kulula ukubona i-automation. Ingenza izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi, izilinganiso ezinembile, izingxenye zepulasitiki ezinezinsimbi noma ezingezona ezensimbi, izinga lomkhiqizo ozinzile, kanye nobubanzi bohlelo lokusebenza.

2.2 Ukubi:
Intengo yemishini yokubumba umjovo iphakeme kakhulu; ukwakheka kwesikhunta sokujova kuyinkimbinkimbi; izindleko zokukhiqiza ziphezulu, umjikelezo wokukhiqiza mude, futhi ayifanele ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye zepulasitiki eziyingxenye eyodwa kanye nenqwaba encane.
3. Isicelo Ngaphandle kwama-thermoplastics ambalwa (i-fluoroplastics), cishe wonke ama-thermoplastics angasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza izingxenye zepulasitiki ngokubumba umjovo. Ukubunjwa komjovo akusetshenziselwa ukubunjwa kwe-thermoplastics kuphela, kodwa futhi isetshenziswe ngempumelelo ekubunjweni kwepulasitiki ye-thermoset. Okwamanje, I-akhawunti yemikhiqizo yayo ebunjiwe 20-30% yayo yonke imikhiqizo yepulasitiki yamanje. Ukuze kuqhutshekwe wandise ububanzi umjovo olubunjiwe izingxenye plastic, ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile bomjovo senziwe ngokukhethekile ukubumba izingxenye zepulasitiki ezinezakhiwo ezikhethekile noma izidingo ezikhethekile zesakhiwo.. Njengomjovo onembayo wezingxenye zepulasitiki ezinembe kakhulu, umjovo wemibala eminingi wezingxenye zepulasitiki ezinemibala ehlanganisiwe, isangweji umjovo wezingxenye zepulasitiki zesangweji ezakhiwe ngezinto ezahlukahlukene ngaphakathi nangaphandle, kanye nokubunjwa kokucindezelwa komjovo kwezingxenye zepulasitiki ezibonisa ngale. Ku

4. Inqubo yokubumba umjovo

4.1 Ukulungiselela ngaphambi kokubumba

Ukuhlolwa kokubukeka kwempahla eluhlaza kanye nokulinganisa ukusebenza kwenqubo: kuhlanganise nokuhlolwa kombala wepulasitiki, usayizi wezinhlayiyana nokufana, uketshezi (ncibilikisa index, i-viscosity), ukuzinza okushisayo kanye nezinga lokuncipha. Ku

Ukushisa kwepulasitiki nokomisa: susa umswakama owedlulele kanye nokuguquguquka kwezinto ukuvimbela amaphutha noma ukuwohloka ebusweni bengxenye yepulasitiki ngemuva kokubunjwa, okuzothinta ukubukeka kanye nekhwalithi yangaphakathi yengxenye yepulasitiki. Indlela yokomisa impahla: ukukhiqizwa kweqoqo elincane, usebenzisa i-oven drying; ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi, usebenzisa ukomisa abilayo noma ukomisa nge-vacuum.
Ukuhlanza imigqomo: Umgqomo udinga ukuhlanzwa lapho ushintsha imikhiqizo, ukushintsha izinto kanye nemibala. Ku

Faka preheating: nciphisa umehluko wezinga lokushisa phakathi kwezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokufakwayo, nciphisa ukucindezelwa kokuncipha kwepulasitiki ezungeze okufakiwe, futhi uqinisekise ikhwalithi yepulasitiki. Ku

Ukukhethwa kwe-ejenti yokukhulula: Ama-ejenti okukhululwa asetshenziswa ngokuvamile afaka i-zinc stearate, upharafini owuketshezi namafutha abicah. Ku

4.2 Inqubo yomjovo

Ukondla: Faka ipulasitiki eyimbudumbudu noma eyimpuphu ku-hopper yomshini womjovo. Ku

I-Plasticization: Ngokushisisa idivayisi yokushisa yomshini womjovo, impahla eluhlaza yepulasitiki kusikulufu iyancibilika futhi iba yipulasitiki encibilika enepulasitiki enhle. Ku

Ukugcwaliswa kwesikhunta: I-plasticized melt encibilika iphushwa i-plunger noma isikulufu somshini womjovo ukuze ingene futhi igcwalise imbobo yesikhunta nge-nozzle kanye nohlelo lokuthulula lwesikhunta ngengcindezi ethile nangesivinini.. Ku

Ukugcina ingcindezi kanye nokudla: ngemva kokuba ukuncibilika kugcwalise umgodi, ngaphansi kwe-plunger noma isikulufu somshini womjovo, incibilika isagcina ingcindezi yokondla, ukuze ukuncibilika emgqonyeni kuqhubeke nokungena emgodini ukuze kugcwalise ipulasitiki emgodini Ukuncipha kuyadingeka futhi kungavimbela ukuncibilika ukuthi kubuyele emuva..
Ukupholisa ngemva kokuba isango liqandisiwe: Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, ipulasitiki encibilikisiwe emgodini iqiniswa ibe into eqinile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ingxenye yepulasitiki inokuqina okwanele lapho idilizwa futhi ingabangeli i-warpage noma ukuguqulwa.. Ku

Ukubhidliza: Ingxenye yepulasitiki ipholiswe ezingeni lokushisa elithile, futhi indlela yokukhipha iphusha ingxenye yepulasitiki ngaphandle kwesikhunta. Ku

4.3 Ngemuva kokucubungula izingxenye zepulasitiki

Izizathu kanye nemiphumela yokucubungula ngemuva kokucubungula:
Ngenxa ye-plasticization engalingani noma i-crystallization engalingani, ukuma nokupholisa kwepulasitiki emgodini; noma ngenxa yethonya lokufakwa kwensimbi noma ukucubungula okungalungile kwesibili kwezingxenye zepulasitiki, ezinye izingcindezi zangaphakathi zikhona nakanjani ezingxenyeni zepulasitiki , Okuholela ekuguquguqukeni noma ekuqhekekeni kwezingxenye zepulasitiki ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, ngakho kufanele sizame ukuwaqeda. Ku

Ukwelashwa kwe-anealing: inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa lapho izingxenye zepulasitiki zibekwe endaweni yokushisa eqhubekayo yokushisa okuphakathi kwamanzi (njengamanzi ashisayo, amafutha ashisayo, upharafini owuketshezi, njll.) noma kuhhavini wokuhambisa umoya oshisayo isikhathi esithile, bese ipholiswa kancane ilingane negumbi lokushisa.
a) Izinga lokushisa: 10°~15° ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa lokusebenza noma ngo-10°~20° ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa lokuphazamisa ukushisa.
b) Isikhathi: Ngokuvamile, ingabalwa cishe isigamu sehora ngemilimitha ngayinye ehlobene nohlobo lwepulasitiki kanye nobukhulu bengxenye yepulasitiki. Ku
c) Umsebenzi: Susa ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kwengxenye yepulasitiki, uzinzise usayizi wengxenye yepulasitiki, ukwandisa ubucwebe, uzinzise isakhiwo sekristalu, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise imodulus yayo enwebekayo nobulukhuni.Ukwelashwa kwesimo sokuswakama: indlela yangemuva kokwelashwa ebeka izingxenye zepulasitiki ezisanda kwakhiwa endaweni yokushisa (njengamanzi abilayo, isisombululo se-potassium acetate) ukusheshisa ibhalansi yokumunca umswakama. (Ikakhulu isetshenziselwa amapulasitiki ane-hygroscopic kakhulu futhi afakwe i-oxidized kalula, njenge PA)

a) Izinga lokushisa: 100~ 121℃ (umkhawulo ophezulu uthathwa lapho izinga lokushisa lokuphazamisa ukushisa liphezulu, futhi umkhawulo ophansi uthathwa ngokuphambene).
b) Isikhathi: Isikhathi sokubamba sihlobene nobukhulu bengxenye yepulasitiki, ngokuvamile 2~9h. Ku
c) Okuhlosiwe: Susa ingcindezi eyinsalela; yenza umkhiqizo ufinyelele ibhalansi yokumunca umswakama ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uvimbele izinguquko ezinobukhulu phakathi nokusetshenziswa. Ku

5. Imingcele yenqubo yokubunjwa komjovo

5.1 Izinga lokushisa

a) Izinga lokushisa lomgqomo

Ukushisa komgqomo kufanele kube phakathi kwezinga lokushisa lokugeleza kwe-viscous (noma indawo yokuncibilika) kanye nezinga lokushisa lokubola okushisayo. Izinga lokushisa lombhobho we-plunger liyi-10-20 ° C ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa lomgqomo wesikulufa.. Ku

Izici zepulasitiki: amapulasitiki angezwani nokushisa njenge-polyoxymethylene, i-polyvinyl fluoride, njll. kufanele ilawule ngokuqinile izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lomgqomo kanye nesikhathi sokuhlala emgqonyeni; ipulasitiki ye-thermoplastic ene-glass fiber kufanele ikhulise izinga lokushisa lomgqomo ngenxa yokungabi namanzi. Ukuze ugweme ukuncibilika ekubeni lukhuni kusenesikhathi emgqonyeni, izinga lokushisa lomgqomo livame ukuthatha inani elincane.
Izingxenye zepulasitiki kanye nesakhiwo sesikhunta: Okwezingxenye ezinezindonga ezincane, izinga lokushisa lomgqomo liphakeme kunezingxenye ezinezindonga eziwugqinsi; izingxenye ezinobumo obuyinkimbinkimbi noma ezinezifakelo, izinga lokushisa lomgqomo kufanele futhi libe ngaphezulu. Ku

Ukusatshalaliswa kwezinga lokushisa komgqomo ngokuvamile kulandela isimiso se-front high and low back, leyo, izinga lokushisa lengxenye engemuva yomgqomo (ichweba lokuphakela) liphansi kakhulu futhi izinga lokushisa lombhobho liphezulu kakhulu.

Ngomshini wokujova isikulufu, ukuze kuvinjwe ukuwohloka okushisayo kwepulasitiki ngenxa yokushisa kwe-shear friction phakathi kwesikulufu kanye nokuncibilika., ukuncibilika nokuncibilika, kanye nencibilika nomgqomo, izinga lokushisa lesigaba sangaphambili somgqomo singaba ngaphansi kancane kunesigaba esiphakathi. Ukwahlulela ukuthi izinga lokushisa lomgqomo lifanelekile yini, indlela yomjovo womoya ingasetshenziswa ukubuka noma ukubuka ngokuqondile ikhwalithi yezingxenye zepulasitiki.

Ngesikhathi sokujova umoya, uma ukugeleza kwezinto kufana, bushelelezi, i-bubble-free, kanye neyunifomu ngombala, izinga lokushisa lempahla lifanelekile; uma ukugeleza kwempahla kumaholo, ucingo lwesiliva noma ukushintsha kombala, kusho ukuthi izinga lokushisa alilungile. Ku

b) Izinga lokushisa le-Nozzle

Ngokuvamile, iphansi kancane kunezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lomgqomo ukuze kuvinjwe into encibilikisiwe ukuthi ingaconsi emlonyeni. Kodwa akufanele kube phansi kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho ukuncibilika kuzoba nokuqina ngaphambi kwesikhathi ku-nozzle futhi kuvimbele umlomo, noma ukuqina ngaphambi kwesikhathi kuzojovwa emgodini wesikhunta futhi kuthinte ikhwalithi yezingxenye zepulasitiki. Ku

c) Izinga lokushisa lesikhunta

Ukushisa kwesikhunta kunqunywa izici zepulasitiki, ubukhulu nesakhiwo sengxenye yepulasitiki, izidingo zokusebenza nezinye izimo zenqubo. Izinga lokushisa lesikhunta ↑, uketshezi ↑, ukuminyana nokucwebezela ↑, izinga lokuncipha kanye nokukhiqiza ↓.
Izinga lokushisa lesikhunta livamise ukulawulwa indawo yokupholisa izinga lokushisa engashintshi; kukhona futhi indlela yokugcina izinga lokushisa elithile ngokujova into encibilikisiwe esikhunjeni ukuze kuzuzwe ibhalansi phakathi kokushisisa kwemvelo nokuchithwa kokushisa kwemvelo; ezimweni ezikhethekile, izintambo zokumelana nezinduku zokushisa zokumelana nazo zingasetshenziswa ukugcina izinga lokushisa elithile. Isikhunta siyashiswa ukuze kugcinwe isikhunta ezingeni lokushisa elingashintshi. Kodwa noma kuthiwani, ukuze kuncibilike ipulasitiki, kuyinqubo yokupholisa. Ku

5.2 Ingcindezi

(1) I-Plasticizing pressure (ingcindezi emuva): isho ingcindezi yokuncibilika phezulu kwesikulufu uma isikulufu sihlehla uma kusetshenziswa umshini wokujova isikulufu.. Ku

Ingcindezi ye-plasticizing iyanda, izinga lokushisa lokuncibilika kanye nokufana kwalo kuyathuthukiswa, izinto zombala zixubene ngokufanayo, futhi igesi ekuncibilikeni liyakhishwa. Kodwa izinga le-plasticization liyancipha, futhi umjikelezo wokubumba uqhubeka isikhathi eside. Ku

Ngokusebenza jikelele, ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yezingxenye zepulasitiki, ingcindezi ye-plasticizing kufanele ibe phansi ngangokunokwenzeka, ngokuvamile mayelana ne-6MPa, futhi ngokuvamile akuvamile ukuba ngaphezu kuka-20MPa
Ku
(2) Ingcindezi yomjovo: ibhekisela ekucindezelweni okwenziwa i-plunger noma phezulu kwesikulufu ku-ncibilika yepulasitiki. Ku

Umsebenzi: Nqoba ukumelana nokugeleza kokugeleza kokuncibilika ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa ngesikhathi sokujova, ukuze ukuncibilika kube nenani elithile lokugcwalisa; lapho ingcindezi igcinwa, ukuncibilika kuhlanganiswe futhi kuvinjwe ukuthi ungagelezi emuva. Ku

Usayizi: Kuya ohlotsheni lomshini womjovo, uhlobo lwepulasitiki, isakhiwo sesikhunta, izinga lokushisa lesikhunta, ubukhulu bodonga bengxenye yepulasitiki, kanye nesakhiwo kanye nobukhulu besistimu yokuthela. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile: ingcindezi yomjovo wepulasitiki ephezulu-viscosity> ipulasitiki ene-viscosity ephansi; high umjovo ingcindezi for thin-izindonga, indawo enkulu, kanye nezingxenye zepulasitiki ezimile; isikhunta isakhiwo esilula, usayizi wesango omkhulu, kanye nomfutho ophansi womjovo; umshini womjovo we-plunger Umjovo wokucindezela> umshini wokujova isikulufa; izinga lokushisa lomgqomo nokushisa kwesikhunta kuphezulu, futhi umfutho womjovo uphansi. Ku

5.3 Isikhathi

Isikhathi esidingekayo ukuqedela inqubo yokubumba umjovo sibizwa ngokuthi umjikelezo wokubumba umjovo.

6. Ukwakhiwa kwemithethonqubo yokubumba ipulasitiki Ngokwezidingo zokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye zepulasitiki kanye nezici zenqubo yamapulasitiki, indlela efanele yokubumba ikhethiwe, inqubo yokubumba kanye nezimo zenqubo yokubumba zinqunywa, futhi ukukhethwa kwesikhunta sepulasitiki kanye nemishini yokubumba kuklanyelwe ngokunengqondo ukuze kuqinisekiswe inqubo yokubumba ebushelelezi Ukuqhuba lolu chungechunge lomsebenzi ukuze izingxenye zepulasitiki zihlangabezane nezidingo ngokuvamile kubizwa ngokuthi ukwakhiwa kwezinqubo zokucaciswa kwezingxenye zepulasitiki..
Kuyidokhumenti yobuchwepheshe eqondisayo ekukhiqizeni ukubumba ipulasitiki kanye nesisekelo esibalulekile sokuhlela ukukhiqizwa. Ihamba kuzo zonke izigaba zenqubo yokukhiqiza futhi kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqinile.6.1 Ukuhlaziywa kwezingxenye zepulasitiki

Ukuma nokwakheka kwengxenye yepulasitiki kunquma ukwakheka kwesikhunta, futhi kunethonya elikhulu ekutheni ingxenye yepulasitiki ingakhiwa ngokushelelayo kanye nekhwalithi ngemva kokwenza.

Ukuze uqinisekise ikhwalithi yezingxenye zepulasitiki, ngokuvamile amaphuzu alandelayo adinga ukunakwa:

6.1.1 Ukuhlaziywa kwamapulasitiki

(1) Ukuhlaziywa kokusebenza kwamapulasitiki
(2) Ukuhlaziywa kokusebenza kwenqubo yepulasitiki

6.1.2 Ukuhlaziywa kwesakhiwo, izilinganiso, ukubekezelelana, kanye nezindinganiso zobuchwepheshe zezingxenye zepulasitiki

(1) Ingabe ukwakheka kwengxenye yepulasitiki kuhlangabezana nezidingo zokubunjwa kokubunjwa?
(2) Ubukhulu, ukubekezelelana kanye nezindinganiso zobuchwepheshe zezingxenye zepulasitiki

6.2 Ukunqunywa kwendlela yokubumba kanye nokugeleza kwenqubo yezingxenye zepulasitiki

Ngokusho kwezici zepulasitiki, izidingo zezingxenye zepulasitiki, kanye nesakhiwo, ubungako, iqoqo lokukhiqiza, sebenzisa izimo kanye nemishini yokubumba yezingxenye zepulasitiki, kuhlongozwa uchungechunge lwezinhlelo zokubumba ezingenzeka. Ngokuhlaziya okuqhathanisayo kohlelo ngalunye, indlela engcono kakhulu yokubumba izingxenye zepulasitiki inqunywa ngokuvumelana nezimo zangempela zokukhiqiza esizeni. Ngemuva kokuthi indlela yokubumba yezingxenye zepulasitiki inqunywa, ukugeleza kwenqubo kufanele kunqunywe.
6.3 Ukunqunywa kwezimo zenqubo yokubumba

Izimo zenqubo ezifanele kufanele zikhethwe izingxenye zepulasitiki ezifanelekayo ezakhiwe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokubumba. Kunezici eziningi ezithinta inqubo yokubumba ipulasitiki, futhi kunemibandela eminingi yenqubo edinga ukulawulwa, futhi ubudlelwano phakathi kwezimo zenqubo buseduze kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlaziya okubanzi kufanele kwenziwe ngokuya ngezici nezimo zangempela zepulasitiki, kanye nezimo zenqubo ezifanele kufanele zikhethwe ekuqaleni, bese ihlolwe Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubumba, izimo zenqubo zibuyekezwa kancane kancane ngokuya ngesimo sangempela sokubunjwa kwezingxenye zepulasitiki kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwezingxenye zepulasitiki. Ku

6.4 Ukukhethwa kwemishini namathuluzi

Lapho indlela yokubumba inqunywa, izinto zokubumba ezifanele kufanele zikhethwe, kanye nenqubo efanele kanye nemingcele yokufaka impahla kanye nesikhunta kufanele kubhekwe. Izindlela ezihlukene zokubumba zisebenzisa imishini yokubumba ehlukene. Ngaphezu kwemishini yokubumba, ezinye izinqubo nazo zidinga ukukhetha okokusebenza okuhambisanayo, futhi ikhombise imininingwane kanye nemingcele yezobuchwepheshe yemishini esetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nenqubo. Ku

6.5 Ukwakhiwa kwemibhalo yenqubo

Ukulungiswa kwemibhalo yenqubo kuwukufingqa okuqukethwe kanye nemingcele yemithethonqubo yenqubo engenhla futhi inqume ngendlela yemibhalo yenqubo efanele njengesisekelo sokulungiselela ukukhiqizwa kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza.. Ikhadi lezinqubo zezingxenye zepulasitiki liwumbhalo wenqubo obaluleke kakhulu ekukhiqizeni.