Chii chiri musimboti, maitiro, kushandiswa uye maitiro ekuumba jekiseni nemuchina wekuumba jekiseni?

Nhasi ngatitaure pamusoro pemusimboti, maitiro, kushandiswa uye maitiro ekuumba jekiseni kubudikidza jekiseni kuumba muchina.

1. Nheyo ye jekiseni kuumbwa. Wedzera granular kana purasitiki yehupfu muhopi yemuchina wejekiseni. Plastiki inodziya uye inonyungudutswa mumushini wejekiseni kuti irambe ichiyerera, wobva waiswa jekiseni muforoma yakavharika pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakati. Mushure mekutonhora uye kuumba, inonyunguduka Purasitiki inosimbiswa kuti ive chikamu chepurasitiki chinodiwa. To

2. Hunhu yekuumba jekiseni
Jekiseni molding ine pfupi kugadzirwa kutenderera uye yakakwirira goho. Jekiseni molding inogona kugadzira zvikamu zvepurasitiki zvine maumbirwo akaoma, yakakwirira saizi zvinodiwa uye akasiyana anoisa, izvo zvakaoma kuwana nedzimwe nzira dzekugadzira mapurasitiki; chechipiri, jekiseni molding iri mukugadzira maitiro Zviri nyore kuziva otomatiki, zvakadai sejekiseni, demolding, kubviswa kwegedhi uye mamwe mabasa anogona kuve otomatiki, saka jekiseni molding yave kushandiswa zvakanyanya.

2.1 Zvakanakira:
The molding cycle ipfupi, kubudirira kwekugadzira kwakakwirira, uye zviri nyore kuziva otomatiki. Inogona kuumba zvimiro zvakaoma, zviyero zvakarurama, zvikamu zvepurasitiki nesimbi kana kwete-simbi inopinza, yakagadzikana chigadzirwa chemhando, uye yakakura application range.

2.2 Zvakaipa:
Mutengo wemichina yekuumba jekiseni wakakwira zvakanyanya; chimiro chejekiseni molds chakaoma; mutengo wekugadzira wakakwira, kutenderera kwekugadzira kwakareba, uye haina kukodzera kugadzirwa kwechikamu chimwe chete uye madiki-batch epurasitiki zvikamu.
3. Kushandisa Kunze kweashoma thermoplastics (fluoroplastics), dzinenge dzese thermoplastics dzinogona kushandiswa kugadzira zvikamu zvepurasitiki nekuumba jekiseni. Jekiseni molding haingoshandiswi chete kuumbwa kwe thermoplastics, asi zvakare yakashandiswa zvakabudirira kuumba thermoset mapurasitiki. Nekuti iyo IC tray ine huremu huremu, zvigadzirwa zvaro zvakaumbwa zvinoverengera 20-30% yezvese zvazvino zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki. Kuti uwedzere kuwedzera huwandu hwemajekiseni akaumbwa epurasitiki zvikamu, mamwe matekinoroji ejekiseni akagadzirwa akanyatso kuumba zvikamu zvepurasitiki zvine zvivakwa zvakakosha kana zvakakosha zvimiro.. Zvakadai sejekiseni rakanyatsojeka rezvikamu zvepurasitiki zvepamusoro-soro, jekiseni rine mavara akawanda emusanganiswa mavara epurasitiki zvikamu, sandwich jekiseni resandwich plastiki zvikamu zvinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana mukati nekunze, uye jekiseni compression molding ye optically transparent plastic parts. To

4. Injection molding process

4.1 Kugadzirira kusati kwaumbwa

Raw material yekutariswa kwekutarisa uye process performance kuyerwa: kusanganisira kuongororwa kwemavara epurasitiki, particle size uye kufanana, fluidity (melt index, viscosity), kugadzikana kwekushisa uye shrinkage rate. To

Plastiki preheating uye kuomesa: bvisa hunyoro hwakawandisa uye kuvhuvhuta mune izvo zvinhu kudzivirira kuremara kana kushatisa pamusoro pechikamu chepurasitiki mushure mekuumbwa., izvo zvichakanganisa kutaridzika uye kunaka kwemukati chikamu chepurasitiki. Material drying nzira: kugadzirwa kwebatch diki, kushandisa oven drying; kugadzirwa kwakawanda, kushandisa kufashaira kuomesa kana vacuum kuomesa.
Kuchenesa mbiru: Iyo dhiramu inoda kucheneswa kana uchichinja zvigadzirwa, kuchinja zvinhu uye mavara. To

Isa preheating: kuderedza kusiyana kwekushisa pakati pezvinhu uye kuisa, kuderedza shrinkage stress yepurasitiki yakapoteredza kuisa, uye chengetedza kunaka kwepurasitiki. To

Kusarudzwa kwemumiririri wekusunungura: Inowanzo shandiswa kuburitsa midziyo inosanganisira zinc stearate, parafini yemvura uye silicone mafuta. To

4.2 Injection process

Kudyisa: Wedzera granular kana purasitiki yehupfu muhopi yemuchina wejekiseni. To

Plasticization: Kuburikidza nekudziya kwemudziyo wekudziya wemushini wejekiseni, iyo yepurasitiki mbishi zvinhu mu screw inonyungudutswa uye inova purasitiki inonyungudika ine yakanaka plastiki. To

Kuzadza mold: Iyo yepurasitiki yakanyunguduka inosundirwa neplunger kana screw yemuchina wejekiseni kuti ipinde uye kuzadza iyo mold cavity kuburikidza nenozzle uye yekudurura system ye mold pane imwe dzvinyiriro nekumhanya.. To

Kudzvinyirirwa kuchengetedza uye kudya: mushure mekunyunguduka kwazadza mhango, pasi peplunger kana screw yemushini wejekiseni, iyo yakanyunguduka ichiri kuchengetedza kumanikidzwa kwekudya, kuitira kuti kunyunguduka mubhodhoro kurambe kuchipinda mugomba kuti riwedzere purasitiki mugomba Shrinkage inodiwa uye inogona kudzivirira kunyungudika kuyerera kumashure..
Kutonhodza mushure mekunge gedhi raoma nechando: Pashure penguva yakati, purasitiki yakanyungudutswa mugomba inosimbiswa kuita yakasimba kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti chikamu chepurasitiki chine kusimba kwakakwana kana chaumbwa uye hachikonzeri warpage kana deformation.. To

Demoulding: Chikamu chepurasitiki chinotonhodzwa kune imwe tembiricha, uye iyo ejection mechanism inosundira chikamu chepurasitiki kubva muforoma. To

4.3 Post-kugadziriswa kwezvikamu zvepurasitiki

Zvikonzero uye mhedzisiro yepost-processing:
Nekuda kwepurasitiki isina kuenzana kana kusaenzana crystallization, kutaridzika uye kutonhora kwepurasitiki mumhango; kana nekuda kwesimba rekuisa simbi kana kusarongeka kwechipiri kugadzirisa kwezvikamu zvepurasitiki, kumwe kushushikana kwemukati kunowanikwa muzvikamu zvepurasitiki , Zvinokonzera deformation kana kuputika kwezvikamu zvepurasitiki panguva yekushandiswa, saka tinofanira kuedza kuvabvisa. To

Annealing kurapwa: chirongwa chekurapa kupisa umo zvikamu zvepurasitiki zvinoiswa mumhepo inogara ichidziya kupisa mvura yepakati (semvura inopisa, mafuta anopisa, parafini yemvura, Nekuti iyo IC tray ine huremu huremu) kana hot air circulation oven kwenguva yakati, ndokuzotonhodzwa zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika kukamuri tembiricha.
a) Tembiricha: 10° ~ 15 ° yakakwirira kudarika tembiricha yekushandisa kana 10 ° ~ 20 ° yakaderera pane tembiricha yekukanganisa kupisa.
b) Nguva: Kazhinji, inogona kuverengwa inenge hafu yeawa pamillimeter ine chokuita nemhando yepurasitiki uye kukora kwechikamu chepurasitiki. To
c) Function: Bvisa kushushikana kwemukati kwechikamu chepurasitiki, kudzikamisa ukuru hwechikamu chepurasitiki, kuwedzera crystallinity, kudzikamisa chimiro chekristaro, nokudaro kuvandudza ayo elastic modulus uye kuoma.Kunyorova conditioning kurapwa: mushure mekurapa nzira inoisa zvikamu zvepurasitiki zvichangobva kugadzirwa mumhepo yekudziya (zvakadai semvura iri kufashaira, potassium acetate solution) kukurumidza kutorwa kwemwando. (Inonyanya kushandiswa kune mapurasitiki akanyanya hygroscopic uye nyore oxidized, akadai PA)

a) Tembiricha: 100~121℃ (muganhu wepamusoro unotorwa kana kupisa kwekupisa kupisa kwakakwirira, uye muganho wakaderera unotorwa zvakasiyana).
b) Nguva: Nguva yekubata inobatana nehupamhi hwechikamu chepurasitiki, kazhinji 2~9h. To
c) Chinangwa: Bvisa kushushikana kwasara; ita kuti chigadzirwa chisvike mwando kunyura chiyero nekukurumidza kudzivirira shanduko yedimensional panguva yekushandiswa. To

5. Maitiro ekugadzirisa majekiseni ekuumba

5.1 Tembiricha

a) Kupisa kwebhare

Iyo tembiricha yedhiramu inofanirwa kunge iri pakati peiyo viscous inoyerera tembiricha (kana kunyungudika) uye tembiricha yekuora kwekupisa. Tembiricha yepulunger barrel ndeye 10-20 ° C yakakwirira kupfuura tembiricha yescrew barrel.. To

Plastiki maitiro: mapurasitiki anonzwa kupisa akadai se polyoxymethylene, polyvinyl fluoride, nezvimwewo. inofanirwa kudzora zvakanyanya tembiricha yepamusoro yebhodhoro uye nguva yekugara mudhiramu; iyo thermoplastic plastiki ine girazi fiber inofanira kuwedzera tembiricha yebhari nekuda kwekushayikwa kwemvura. Kuti udzivise kunyunguduka kubva kuomeswa kutanga mubhodhoro, kupisa kwebhodhoro kunowanzotora kukosha kuduku.
Zvikamu zvepurasitiki uye chimiro chekuumbwa: Zvezvikamu zvitete-madziro, tembiricha yedhiramu yakakwirira kudarika zvikamu zvakakobvu-nemadziro; kune zvikamu zvine zvimiro zvakaoma kana nekuisa, tembiricha yebhari inofanirawo kuva yakakwirira. To

Kugovera tembiricha yebhari kunowanzo kutevedzera musimboti wekumusoro kumberi nekudzika kumashure, ndizvo, kutonhora kwechikamu chemashure chebhodhoro (chiteshi chekudya) ndiyo yakaderera uye tembiricha yenozzle ndiyo yakanyanya.

Zvemuchina wekurovera jekiseni, kuitira kudzivirira kupisa kwekupisa kwepurasitiki nekuda kwekupisa kweshear friction pakati pe screw uye kunyungudika., kunyunguduka nekunyunguduka, uye chirongo nedende, kutonhora kwechikamu chepamberi chebhodhoro kunogona kuderera zvishoma pane chikamu chepakati. Kutonga kana kutonhora kwebhari kwakakodzera, iyo nzira yejekiseni yemhepo inogona kushandiswa kutarisa kana kuona zvakananga kunaka kwezvikamu zvepurasitiki.

Panguva yejekiseni remhepo, kana zvinhu zvinoyerera zvakafanana, smooth, isina bubble, uye yunifomu muruvara, tembiricha yezvinhu zvakakodzera; kana zvinhu zvinoyerera zvakaoma, waya yesirivha kana kushanduka, zvinoreva kuti tembiricha yezvinhu haina kufanira. To

b) Nozzle tembiricha

Kazhinji, yakadzikira zvishoma pane tembiricha yepamusoro yedhiramu kudzivirira zvinhu zvakanyunguduka kuti zvisadonha pamuromo.. Asi haifaniri kunge yakaderera, kana zvisina kudaro kunyunguduka kuchava nekusimba kusati kwasvika pamuromo uye kuvhara muromo, kana kusimba kusati kwasvika kuchapinzwa mugomba rekuumbwa uye kunokanganisa kunaka kwezvikamu zvepurasitiki. To

c) Munyaya yekugutsa mold kuzadza

Kupisa kwekuumbwa kunotarirwa nemaitiro epurasitiki, ukuru uye chimiro chechikamu chepurasitiki, kushanda zvinodiwa uye mamwe maitiro ekugadzirisa. Mold tembiricha ↑, fluidity ↑, density uye crystallinity ↑, shrinkage rate uye kugadzirwa ↓.
Kupisa kwe mold kunowanzo kudzorwa neanogara tembiricha yekutonhodza svikiro; kune zvakare nzira yekuchengetedza imwe tembiricha nekupinza zvinhu zvakanyungudutswa muforoma kuti uwane kuenzana pakati pekudziya kwechisikigo uye kupisa kwechisikigo.; muzviitiko zvakakosha, tambo dzekudzivirira uye kudzivirira kupisa tsvimbo dzinogona kushandiswawo kuchengetedza imwe tembiricha. Iyo mold inodziya kuchengetedza mold pakushisa nguva dzose. Asi zvisinei hazvo, nokuda kwepurasitiki inonyunguduka, inzira yekutonhodza. To

5.2 Pressure

(1) Plasticizing pressure (back pressure): inoreva kudzvinyirirwa kwekunyunguduka pamusoro pescrew kana screw ichidzokera kana screw jekiseni rashandiswa.. To

The plasticizing pressure inowedzera, kutonhora kwekunyunguduka uye kufanana kwayo kunovandudzwa, zvinhu zvemavara zvinosanganiswa zvakafanana, uye gasi riri mukunyunguduka rinobudiswa. Asi mwero weplasticization wakaderedzwa, uye kuumbwa kutenderera kunorebeswa. To

In general operation, pasi pechikonzero chekuvimbisa kunaka kwezvikamu zvepurasitiki, iyo plasticizing pressure inofanira kunge yakaderera sezvinobvira, kazhinji nezve 6MPa, uye kazhinji kacho kashoma kupfuura 20MPa
To
(2) Jekiseni pressure: inoreva kudzvinyirirwa kunoitwa neplunger kana pamusoro pescuru papurasitiki yakanyungudika. To

Function: Kunda kuyerera kwekupokana kwekunyungudika kuyerera panguva yekuzadza panguva yejekiseni, kuitira kuti kunyungudika kune imwe chiyero chekuzadza; apo kumanikidzwa kunochengetwa, iyo yakanyunguduka inobatanidzwa uye inodzivirirwa kubva pakuyerera ichidzokera kumashure. To

Size: Zvinoenderana nerudzi rwemushini wejekiseni, rudzi rwepurasitiki, chimiro che mold, tembiricha yekuumbwa, madziro emadziro echikamu chepurasitiki, and the structure and size of the pouring system. Under normal circumstances: injection pressure of high-viscosity plastic> low-viscosity plastic; high injection pressure for thin-walled, large-area, and complex-shaped plastic parts; simple mold structure, larger gate size, and lower injection pressure; plunger injection machine Injection pressure> screw injection machine; the barrel temperature and mold temperature are high, and the injection pressure is low. To

5.3 Nguva

The time required to complete an injection molding process is called the injection molding cycle.

6. Formulation of plastic molding process regulations According to the use requirements of plastic parts and the process characteristics of plastics, the correct molding method is selected, the molding process and molding process conditions are determined, and the selection of plastic molds and molding equipment are rationally designed to ensure the smooth molding process Carrying out this series of work for the plastic parts to meet the requirements is usually called the formulation of the process specifications for the plastic parts.
It is a guiding technical document in plastic molding production and an important basis for organizing production. It runs through all stages of the production process and must be strictly implemented.6.1 Analysis of plastic parts

The shape and structure of the plastic part determine the structure of the mold, and it has a great influence on whether the plastic part can be formed smoothly and the quality after forming.

In order to ensure the quality of plastic parts, usually the following points need to be paid attention to:

6.1.1 Analysis of plastics

(1) Analysis of the performance of plastics
(2) Analysis of plastic process performance

6.1.2 Analysis of the structure, dimensions, tolerances, and technical standards of plastic parts

(1) Does the structure of the plastic part meet the requirements of molding processability?
(2) Dimensions, tolerances and technical standards of plastic parts

6.2 Determination of the molding method and process flow of plastic parts

According to the characteristics of the plastic, the requirements of the plastic parts, and the structure, saizi, production batch, use conditions and molding equipment of the plastic parts, a series of feasible molding programs are proposed. Through the comparative analysis of each plan, the best molding method of plastic parts is determined according to the actual production conditions on site. After the molding method of plastic parts is determined, the process flow should be determined.
6.3 Determination of molding process conditions

Appropriate process conditions should be selected for qualified plastic parts formed by various molding methods. There are many factors that affect the plastic molding process, and there are many process conditions that need to be controlled, and the relationship between the process conditions is very close. Naizvozvo, a comprehensive analysis must be made according to the characteristics and actual conditions of the plastic, and the more reasonable process conditions must be selected initially, and then tested During the molding process, the process conditions are gradually revised according to the actual situation of the molding of the plastic parts and the inspection results of the plastic parts. To

6.4 Selection of equipment and tools

When the molding method is determined, the appropriate molding equipment must be selected, and the relevant process and installation parameters of the equipment and mold must be checked. Different molding methods use different molding equipment. In addition to the molding equipment, other processes also need to select the corresponding equipment, and indicate the specifications and technical parameters of the equipment used in accordance with the process. To

6.5 Formulation of process documents

The preparation of process documents is to summarize the content and parameters of the above process regulations and determine them in the form of appropriate process documents as the basis for production preparation and production process. Plastic parts process card is the most important process document in production.