Mfundo yake ndi chiyani, makhalidwe, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi njira yopangira jekeseni pogwiritsa ntchito makina opangira jekeseni?

Lero tikambirane mfundoyi, makhalidwe, ntchito ndi ndondomeko jekeseni akamaumba ndi makina jekeseni akamaumba.

1. Mfundo ya jekeseni akamaumba. Onjezani pulasitiki granular kapena ufa mu hopper ya makina jakisoni. Pulasitiki imatenthedwa ndikusungunuka mu makina ojambulira kuti isapitirire, ndiyeno jekeseni mu nkhungu yotsekedwa pansi pa kukakamizidwa kwina. Pambuyo kuzirala ndi kupanga, imasungunuka Pulasitiki imalimba kuti ikhale gawo lapulasitiki lofunikira. Kuti

2. Makhalidwe wa jekeseni akamaumba
Jekeseni akamaumba ali yochepa kupanga mkombero ndi mkulu zokolola. Kumangirira jekeseni kumatha kupanga mbali zapulasitiki zokhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta, zofunikira zazikulu ndi zoyika zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuzikwaniritsa ndi njira zina zopangira pulasitiki; chachiwiri, jakisoni akamaumba ali m'kati kupanga Ndikosavuta kuzindikira makina, monga jekeseni, kugwetsa, kuchotsa zipata ndi ntchito zina zitha kukhala zokha, kotero kuumba jekeseni kwagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

2.1 Ubwino wake:
Kuzungulira kozungulira ndi kwaufupi, kupanga bwino ndikwambiri, ndipo ndikosavuta kuzindikira makina. Ikhoza kupanga mawonekedwe ovuta, miyeso yolondola, zigawo zapulasitiki zokhala ndi zitsulo kapena zopanda zitsulo, khola mankhwala khalidwe, ndi osiyanasiyana ntchito.

2.2 Zoipa:
Mtengo wa zida zopangira jekeseni ndi wokwera kwambiri; kapangidwe ka jekeseni nkhungu ndizovuta; mtengo wopangira ndi wokwera, nthawi yopanga ndi yayitali, ndipo siyoyenera kupanga magawo apulasitiki amodzi ndi ang'onoang'ono.
3. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Kupatula ma thermoplastics ochepa (fluoropeslastics), pafupifupi thermoplastics onse angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga mbali pulasitiki ndi jekeseni akamaumba. Kumangira jekeseni sikumagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga thermoplastics, komanso wakhala bwino ntchito akamaumba mapulasitiki thermoset. Pakadali pano, zinthu zake zowumbidwa zimawerengera 20-30% pazinthu zonse zapulasitiki zamakono. Pofuna kukulitsa kukula kwa jekeseni wopangidwa ndi pulasitiki, matekinoloje ena apadera a jakisoni apangidwa makamaka kuti azitha kuumba zida zapulasitiki zokhala ndi zinthu zapadera kapena zofunikira zapadera.. Monga jekeseni mwatsatanetsatane wa zigawo zapulasitiki zolondola kwambiri, jakisoni wamitundu yambiri wamitundu yambiri yamapulasitiki, jekeseni masangweji a masangweji pulasitiki zigawo zopangidwa ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana mkati ndi kunja, ndi jekeseni psinjika akamaumba optically mandala pulasitiki. Kuti

4. jekeseni akamaumba ndondomeko

4.1 Kukonzekera musanayambe kuumba

Kuyang'anira mawonekedwe azinthu zopangira ndikuyesa kuyeza magwiridwe antchito: kuphatikizapo kuyendera mtundu wa pulasitiki, kukula kwa tinthu ndi kufanana, madzimadzi (Melt Index, mamasukidwe akayendedwe), kukhazikika kwamafuta ndi kuchuluka kwa kuchepa. Kuti

Pulasitiki preheating ndi kuyanika: chotsani chinyezi chambiri komanso kugwedezeka kwa zinthuzo kuti mupewe zolakwika kapena kuwonongeka pagawo la pulasitiki mutatha kuumba., zomwe zidzakhudza maonekedwe ndi khalidwe lamkati la gawo la pulasitiki. Njira yowumitsa zinthu: kupanga magulu ang'onoang'ono, pogwiritsa ntchito kuyanika uvuni; kupanga zochuluka, pogwiritsa ntchito kuyanika kowiritsa kapena kuyanika vacuum.
Kuyeretsa migolo: Mgolo uyenera kutsukidwa posintha zinthu, kusintha zipangizo ndi mitundu. Kuti

Ikani preheating: kuchepetsa kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa zinthu ndi kuikapo, kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa shrinkage ya pulasitiki mozungulira choyikapo, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti pulasitikiyo ndi yabwino. Kuti

Kusankhidwa kwa wothandizira: Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo zinc stearate, mafuta a parafini ndi silicone. Kuti

4.2 Njira jakisoni

Kudyetsa: Onjezani pulasitiki granular kapena ufa mu hopper ya makina jakisoni. Kuti

Plasticization: Kupyolera mu Kutentha kwa chipangizo chotenthetsera cha makina a jakisoni, pulasitiki zopangira mu wononga amasungunuka ndi kukhala pulasitiki kusungunuka ndi pulasitiki wabwino. Kuti

Kudzaza nkhungu: Pulasitiki yosungunuka yapulasitiki imakankhidwa ndi plunger kapena screw ya makina a jakisoni kuti alowe ndikudzaza nkhungu kudzera mumphuno ndi ndondomeko yothira nkhungu pa kuthamanga kwina ndi kuthamanga.. Kuti

Kusamalira ndi kudyetsa nkhawa: pambuyo kusungunula kudzaza patsekeke, pansi pa plunger kapena screw ya makina a jakisoni, kusungunuka kumasungabe kukakamiza kwa chakudya, kotero kuti kusungunula mu mbiya kumapitilira kulowa m'bowo kuti awonjezere pulasitiki m'bowo Shrinkage ikufunika ndipo ingalepheretse kusungunuka kubwereranso..
Kuziziritsa chipata chitatha atazizira: Patapita nthawi, pulasitiki yosungunuka yomwe ili m'kati mwake imakhazikika kukhala yolimba kuti iwonetsetse kuti gawo la pulasitiki limakhala lolimba mokwanira pamene likuphwanyidwa ndipo silimayambitsa nkhondo kapena kusintha.. Kuti

Demoulding: Mbali ya pulasitiki imakhazikika pa kutentha kwina, ndipo makina otulutsa amakankhira mbali ya pulasitiki kunja kwa nkhungu. Kuti

4.3 Pambuyo pokonza magawo apulasitiki

Zifukwa ndi zotsatira za pambuyo pokonza:
Chifukwa cha pulasitiki yosagwirizana kapena crystallization yosiyana, kulunjika ndi kuziziritsa kwa pulasitiki mu patsekeke; kapena chifukwa cha chikoka cha amaika zitsulo kapena zosayenera yachiwiri processing zigawo pulasitiki, zovuta zina zamkati zimakhalapo m'zigawo zapulasitiki , Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kapena kung'ambika kwa zigawo zapulasitiki panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito, choncho tiyenera kuyesetsa kuwathetsa. Kuti

Annealing chithandizo: njira yochizira kutentha momwe zigawo zapulasitiki zimayikidwa mumlengalenga wotentha wokhazikika wamadzimadzi (monga madzi otentha, mafuta otentha, parafini wamadzimadzi, etc.) kapena kutentha kwa mpweya wotentha uvuni kwa kanthawi, ndiyeno pang'onopang'ono utakhazikika kutentha kwa chipinda.
a) Kutentha: 10° ~ 15 ° apamwamba kuposa kutentha kwa ntchito kapena 10 ° ~ 20 ° kutsika kuposa kutentha kosokoneza kutentha.
b) Nthawi: Nthawi zambiri, ikhoza kuwerengedwa pafupifupi theka la ola pa millimeter yokhudzana ndi mtundu wa pulasitiki ndi makulidwe a gawo la pulasitiki. Kuti
c) Ntchito: Chotsani kupsinjika kwamkati kwa gawo la pulasitiki, khazikitsani kukula kwa gawo la pulasitiki, kuwonjezera crystallinity, khazikitsani mawonekedwe a crystalline, potero kuwongolera zotanuka modulus ndi hardness.Humidity wokonza mankhwala: njira yochiritsira pambuyo pake yomwe imayika mbali za pulasitiki zomwe zangopangidwa kumene m'malo otenthetsera (monga madzi otentha, potaziyamu acetate solution) kufulumizitsa kuyamwa bwino kwa chinyezi. (Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamapulasitiki omwe ali ndi hygroscopic komanso okosijeni mosavuta, monga PA)

a) Kutentha: 100~ 121 ℃ (malire apamwamba amatengedwa pamene kutentha kusokoneza kutentha kuli kwakukulu, ndipo malire apansi amatengedwa mosemphanitsa).
b) Nthawi: Nthawi yogwira ikugwirizana ndi makulidwe a gawo la pulasitiki, nthawi zambiri 2 ~ 9h. Kuti
c) Cholinga: Chotsani kupsinjika kotsalira; pangani mankhwalawo kuti azitha kuyamwa bwino msangamsanga kuti mupewe kusintha kwakanthawi kogwiritsa ntchito. Kuti

5. Njira magawo a jekeseni akamaumba

5.1 Kutentha

a) Kutentha kwa mbiya

Kutentha kwa mbiya kuyenera kukhala pakati pa kutentha kwa viscous otaya (kapena malo osungunuka) ndi kutentha kwa kutentha kwa kutentha. Kutentha kwa mbiya ya plunger ndi 10-20 ° C kuposa kutentha kwa mbiya.. Kuti

Makhalidwe apulasitiki: mapulasitiki osamva kutentha monga polyoxymethylene, polyvinyl fluoride, etc.. ayenera mosamalitsa kulamulira kutentha pazipita mbiya ndi nthawi okhala mu mbiya; pulasitiki ya thermoplastic yokhala ndi galasi lagalasi iyenera kuonjezera kutentha kwa mbiya chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi. Pofuna kupewa kusungunuka kuti zisawumitsidwe koyambirira kwa mbiya, kutentha kwa mbiya kumakonda kutenga mtengo wochepa.
Zigawo za pulasitiki ndi mawonekedwe a nkhungu: Zazigawo zopyapyala, kutentha kwa mbiya ndikwambiri kuposa mbali zokhuthala; kwa magawo omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ovuta kapena oyika, kutentha kwa mbiya kuyeneranso kukhala kokwera. Kuti

Kugawidwa kwa kutentha kwa mbiya nthawi zambiri kumatsatira mfundo yokwera kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo, ndiye, kutentha kwa gawo lakumbuyo la mbiya (kudyetsa doko) ndiyotsika kwambiri ndipo kutentha kwa nozzle ndikokwera kwambiri.

Kwa makina ojambulira screw, pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa pulasitiki chifukwa cha kutentha kwa kukameta ubweya pakati pa wononga ndi kusungunula., kusungunuka ndi kusungunuka, ndi sungunula ndi mbiya, kutentha kwa gawo lakutsogolo la mbiya kungakhale kotsika pang'ono kuposa gawo lapakati. Kuweruza ngati kutentha kwa mbiya kuli koyenera, njira yojambulira mpweya ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyang'ana kapena kuyang'ana mwachindunji ubwino wa zigawo zapulasitiki.

Pa jekeseni mpweya, ngati kutuluka kwa zinthu kuli kofanana, yosalala, wopanda kuwira, ndi yunifolomu mu mtundu, kutentha kwa zinthu kuli koyenera; ngati kutuluka kwa zinthu kumakhala kovuta, waya wasiliva kapena kusinthika, zikutanthauza kuti kutentha kwakuthupi sikoyenera. Kuti

b) Nozzle kutentha

Nthawi zambiri, ndi yotsika pang'ono kuposa kutentha kwakukulu kwa mbiya kuteteza zinthu zosungunuka kuti zisadonthe pamphuno.. Koma sayenera kukhala otsika kwambiri, Apo ayi, kusungunuka kudzakhala ndi kukhazikika msanga pamphuno ndi kutsekereza mphuno, kapena kulimbitsa msanga kudzalowetsedwa mu nkhungu ndikukhudza ubwino wa zigawo za pulasitiki. Kuti

c) Kutentha kwa nkhungu

Kutentha kwa nkhungu kumatsimikiziridwa ndi makhalidwe a pulasitiki, kukula ndi kapangidwe ka gawo la pulasitiki, ntchito zofunika ndi zina ndondomeko. Kutentha kwa nkhungu ↑, madzimadzi ↑, kachulukidwe ndi crystallinity ↑, kuchulukirachulukira ndi zokolola ↓.
Kutentha kwa nkhungu nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi sing'anga yozizirira yokhazikika; palinso njira yosungira kutentha kwina mwa kubaya zinthu zosungunuka mu nkhungu kuti mukwaniritse bwino pakati pa kutentha kwachilengedwe ndi kutentha kwachilengedwe.; muzochitika zapadera, mawaya okana ndi ndodo zotenthetsera zotsutsana zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kusunga kutentha kwina. Chikombolecho chimatenthedwa kuti nkhungu ikhale yotentha nthawi zonse. Koma ziribe kanthu, kwa pulasitiki yosungunuka, ndi njira yozizira. Kuti

5.2 Kupanikizika

(1) Plasticizing kuthamanga (chitseko chambiri): Kumatanthawuza kupsinjika kwa kusungunula pamwamba pa screw pamene spiringa ikubwerera pamene makina opangira jekeseni akugwiritsidwa ntchito.. Kuti

Kuthamanga kwa plasticizing kumawonjezeka, kutentha kwa kusungunula ndi kufanana kwake kumakhala bwino, zipangizo zamtundu zimasakanizidwa mofanana, ndipo mpweya wosungunuka umatulutsidwa. Koma kuchuluka kwa pulasitiki kumachepetsedwa, ndipo kuumba mkombero kumatalika. Kuti

Ambiri ntchito, pansi pamalingaliro owonetsetsa kuti zigawo zapulasitiki zili bwino, kupanikizika kwa plasticizing kuyenera kukhala kochepa kwambiri, zambiri za 6MPa, ndipo nthawi zambiri siziposa 20MPa
Kuti
(2) Kuthamanga kwa jekeseni: amatanthauza kupsyinjika kopangidwa ndi plunger kapena pamwamba pa screw pa pulasitiki kusungunuka. Kuti

Ntchito: Gonjetsani kukana kwakuyenda kwa kusungunuka kwa kusungunuka panthawi yodzaza jekeseni, kotero kuti kusungunuka kumakhala ndi kudzaza kwina; pamene kupanikizika kumasungidwa, kusungunula kumapangidwira ndikulepheretsa kuyenda chammbuyo. Kuti

Kukula: Zimatengera mtundu wa makina ojambulira, mtundu wa pulasitiki, kapangidwe ka nkhungu, kutentha kwa nkhungu, makulidwe a khoma la gawo la pulasitiki, ndi kapangidwe ndi kukula kwa dongosolo kuthira. M'mikhalidwe yabwino: Kuthamanga kwa jekeseni wa pulasitiki wapamwamba kwambiri> pulasitiki yotsika kwambiri; Kuthamanga kwa jekeseni kwambiri kwa mipanda yopyapyala, dera lalikulu, ndi zigawo zapulasitiki zooneka movuta; yosavuta nkhungu kapangidwe, kukula kwachipata, ndi kutsitsa jekeseni kuthamanga; Makina a jakisoni wa plunger Kupanikizika> makina ojambulira phula; kutentha kwa mbiya ndi kutentha kwa nkhungu ndizokwera kwambiri, ndipo kuthamanga kwa jekeseni kumakhala kochepa. Kuti

5.3 Nthawi

Nthawi yofunikira kuti amalize kupanga jekeseni imatchedwa jekeseni woumba.

6. Kupanga malamulo opangira pulasitiki Molingana ndi zofunikira zogwiritsira ntchito zigawo zapulasitiki ndi machitidwe a mapulasitiki, njira yoyenera yopangira imasankhidwa, ndondomeko akamaumba ndi akamaumba zinthu ndondomeko anatsimikiza, and the selection of plastic molds and molding equipment are rationally designed to ensure the smooth molding process Carrying out this series of work for the plastic parts to meet the requirements is usually called the formulation of the process specifications for the plastic parts.
It is a guiding technical document in plastic molding production and an important basis for organizing production. It runs through all stages of the production process and must be strictly implemented.6.1 Analysis of plastic parts

The shape and structure of the plastic part determine the structure of the mold, and it has a great influence on whether the plastic part can be formed smoothly and the quality after forming.

In order to ensure the quality of plastic parts, usually the following points need to be paid attention to:

6.1.1 Analysis of plastics

(1) Analysis of the performance of plastics
(2) Analysis of plastic process performance

6.1.2 Analysis of the structure, dimensions, tolerances, and technical standards of plastic parts

(1) Does the structure of the plastic part meet the requirements of molding processability?
(2) Dimensions, tolerances and technical standards of plastic parts

6.2 Determination of the molding method and process flow of plastic parts

According to the characteristics of the plastic, the requirements of the plastic parts, and the structure, kukula, production batch, use conditions and molding equipment of the plastic parts, a series of feasible molding programs are proposed. Through the comparative analysis of each plan, the best molding method of plastic parts is determined according to the actual production conditions on site. After the molding method of plastic parts is determined, the process flow should be determined.
6.3 Determination of molding process conditions

Appropriate process conditions should be selected for qualified plastic parts formed by various molding methods. There are many factors that affect the plastic molding process, and there are many process conditions that need to be controlled, and the relationship between the process conditions is very close. Chifukwa chake, a comprehensive analysis must be made according to the characteristics and actual conditions of the plastic, and the more reasonable process conditions must be selected initially, and then tested During the molding process, the process conditions are gradually revised according to the actual situation of the molding of the plastic parts and the inspection results of the plastic parts. Kuti

6.4 Selection of equipment and tools

When the molding method is determined, the appropriate molding equipment must be selected, and the relevant process and installation parameters of the equipment and mold must be checked. Different molding methods use different molding equipment. In addition to the molding equipment, other processes also need to select the corresponding equipment, and indicate the specifications and technical parameters of the equipment used in accordance with the process. Kuti

6.5 Formulation of process documents

The preparation of process documents is to summarize the content and parameters of the above process regulations and determine them in the form of appropriate process documents as the basis for production preparation and production process. Plastic parts process card is the most important process document in production.